06. Stress Flashcards
To 'master' U3AoS1 - Stress
Acute stress
a form of stress characterised by intense psychological and physiological symptoms that are brief in duration
Alarm reaction
the first stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome which involves the body?s initial decline and then rise in arousal to a stressor p. 109
Appraisal
an assessment or evaluation p. 115
Approach strategies
coping strategies which confront the source of the stressor p. 123
Avoidance strategies
coping strategies that evade the stressor, seeking to reduce stress by indirectly dealing with it p. 123
Benign-positive
an initial appraisal of a stimulus as neutral or good, and not causing stress for the individual p. 115
Biological stress response
the activation of autonomic nervous system responses in the face of a stressor p. 431
Challenge
a further appraisal of a stressor as potentially providing a good opportunity for growth or change for the individual p. 115
Chronic stress
form of stress that endures for several months or longer
Context-specific effectiveness
when the coping strategy or mechanism used is appropriate for the demands of the stressor p. 121
Coping
the process of dealing with stress p. 115, 121
Coping flexibility
an individual’s ability to recognise an ineffective coping strategy, and adjust or change their coping strategies depending on the unique and changing demands of a stressor
Coritsol
a hormone released into the body in times of stress p. 109
Counter shock
the second substage of the alarm reaction stage in which sympathetic nervous system responses occur that mobilise the body to respond to the stressor
Enteric nervous system
the network of nerves in the gut and is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system
Exercise
the performance of physical activity to improve a person?s health and wellbeing p. 122, 440
Exhaustion
the final stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome which involves the body?s defences and energy levels depleting, leading to a greatly reduced ability to cope with current and future stressors p. 109
External stressor
a stimulus from outside of a person?s body that prompts the stress response
Fight-flight-freeze response
the involuntary physical response to a sudden and immediate threat (or stressor) in readiness to: fight, flee or freeze.
The Sympathetic nervous system is dominant during fight-flight.
The Parasympathetic nervous system is dominant during freeze.
General Adaptation Syndrome
a model that examines the biological stages of stress involved in responding to a persistent stressor p. 109
Gut (also known as the gastrointestinal tract)
the long flexible tube from mouth to anus that is the passageway involved in digestion
Gut microbiome
all of the genes of the microorganisms that live in the gut
Gut microbiota
all of the microorganisms that live in the gut
Gut-brain axis
the bidirectional connection between the gut and the brain through the enteric and central nervous systems
Harm loss
a further appraisal of a stressor as having caused some damage for the individual p. 115
Internal stressor
a stimulus from within a person?s body that prompts the stress response
Irrelevant
an initial appraisal of a stimulus as a non-issue for the individual p. 115
Primary appraisal
the initial process of evaluating the nature of an incoming stressor, specifically the kind of stress it will cause p. 115
Resistance
the second stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome which involves the body sustaining high levels of arousal to a persistent stressor p. 109
Secondary appraisal
the process of evaluating the resources available and required in order to cope with a stressor p. 115
Shock
the first substage of the alarm reaction stage involving decreased bodily arousal for a brief period of time following the initial exposure to a stressor
Stress
a psychological and biological experience that occurs when an individual encounters something of significance that demands their attention and/ or efforts to cope p. 102, 401, 424
Stressful
an initial appraisal of a stimulus as a source of worry or emotional significance for the individual p. 115
Stressor
a stimulus (internal or external) that prompts the stress response p. 102
Threat
a further appraisal of a stressor as potentially causing damage for the individual in future p. 115
Vagus nerve
the longest cranial nerve that connects the gut and the brain, enabling them to communicate
