09 - liver disorders continued Flashcards
(Feline hepatic lipidosis)
- most common liver disease in cats
(feline hepatic lipidosis)
- Cx suggest hepatic dz. what is the most consistent sign?
- how common are signs of hepatic encephalopathy?
- overt bleeding occurs in what percentage of cases?
- what age cats are most commonly effected?
- prolonged anorexia
(pronounced weight loss in previously obese cats is common)
- uncommon
- 20%
- middle aged to older cats
(feline hepatic lipidosis)
- px may reveal what?
- how are chem increases?
- coag tests affected?
- biopsy usually not done, FNA shows what?
- hepatomegaly, jaundice, and muscle wasting
- serum ALP higher, normal GGT (unlike other hepatic diseases in cats)
- yes, are often abnormal
- foamy, vacuolated hepatocytes
(feline hepatic lipidosis - treatment)
1.
(feline hepatic lipidosis - tx)
- with aggressive therapy, what percentage of cats recover?
- when can you remove the fedding tube?
- how common is recurrence?
- 60 to 85%
- only when the cat is eating on itws own for at least a week
- rare - and no evidence of residual hepatic damage!
(Canine vacuolar hepatopathies)
(glucocorticoid hepatopathy)
- occurs in dogs only (not cats)
- glucocorticoids affect liver how?
- What ^ chem value most common?
- tx?
- cause glycogen accumulation and hepatomegaly
- ALP
- no specific therapy for liver. treat underlying or decrease glucocorticoids
(hepatic copper accumulation and chronic hepatitis)
- normal hepatic copper concentration?
- copper accumulation causes significant damage when concentration reaches what?
- copper is normally excreted how?
- less that 400 ug/g
- 2,000 ug/g
- in bile
(therefore, hepatic copper accumulation can be secondary to any cholestatic hepatic disorder)
(idiopathic chronic hepatitis)
- characterized by chronic portal inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis, and frequently progresses to cirrhosis
- Cx: anorexia, depression, PU/PD, ascites, jaundice, wt loss, vomiting
- what chem values are markedly elevated?
- hyperbilirubinemia and bilrubinuria are common
- tx with glucocorticoids, ursodiol, antioxidants, and possibly azathioprine
- ALT and ALP
What is the second most common liver disease in cats?
feline inflammatory liver diseases
(feline inflammatory liver dz)
- what is the most common form?
- caused by what?
- Cx?
- commonly associated with what?
- neutrophilic cholangitis
- ascending bacterial infection from the intestine into the biliary tract
- vomiting, anorexia, lethargy, wt loss
- IBD and pancreatitis (triaditis)
(feline inflammatory liver dz)
(neutrophilic cholangitis)
- onset usually acute in young, chronic in old
- liver enzyme variable - usually see increases in levels of what though?
- what is required for definitive dx?
- ALT and bilirubin
- liver bx
(feline inflammatory dz)
(neutrophilic cholangitis)
- tx?
- prog?
- supportive care, abx, prednisolone in chronic cases, ursodiol
- acute form may resolve with tx, or may progress to chronic
chronic form requires life long tx
(feline inflammatory dz)
(lymphocytic cholangitis)
- infiltration of what into portal areas?
- what cats may be predisposed?
- treatment is similar to what?
- lymphocytes -> bile duct proliferation, fibrosis
- persians
- neutrophilic cholangitis