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00-01-16: GI Disorders > 05 - intestinal disorders part II > Flashcards

05 - intestinal disorders part II Flashcards

1
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(coccidia)

  1. primary enteric disease cause by what two?
  2. multisystemic infections caused by what?
A
  1. Isospora spp. and crytposporidium
  2. neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii
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2
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(coccidia)

  1. infection how?
A
  1. ingestion of sporulated oocysts
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3
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(coccidia)

  1. what is the characteristic Cx?
A
  1. diarrhea

(most animals aysmp though)

Cx usually occurs in newborns in stressful situations

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4
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(coccidia)

  1. which can be id’d in fresh feces?
  2. which do you use PCR for?
A
  1. isospora
  2. cryptosporidium
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5
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(coccidia)

  1. treat isospora with what?
  2. cryptosporidium with what?
  3. which is zoonotic?
A
  1. sulfadimethoxine, TMS, furazolidone
  2. azithromycin
  3. crytpo
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6
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(giardia)

  1. infective cysts pass thorugh feces into environment, infection occurs how?
  2. Cx?
A
  1. ingestion of contaminated food or water
  2. diarrhea (most animals asymp)
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7
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(giardia)

  1. dx?
  2. tx?
A
  1. microscopic exam of feces or fecal immunoassay for antigen
  2. fenbendazole (may be resistant to metronidazole)
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8
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(Tritrichomonas foetus in cats)

  1. causes what in young cats?
  2. Cx?
  3. dx?
  4. tx?
A
  1. mild to severe lymphoplasmacytic colitis
  2. diarrhea
  3. fecal PCR (can see trophozoites in low % of cases)
  4. abx
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9
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(entamoeba - E. histolytica)

  1. infection occurs how?
  2. Cx?
  3. dx?
  4. tx?
A
  1. drinking infected water
  2. bloody-mucoid diarrhea
  3. trophozoites in smears or cysts in zinc sulfate
  4. metronidazole
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10
Q

(intestinal parasites: protozoa)

(Balantidium - B. coli)

  1. rarely causes what in dogs?
A
  1. ulcerative colitis
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11
Q

(viral infections)

  1. what viruses cause viral enteritis and diarrhea in dogs?
  2. which on is acute, severe, and highly contagious?
A
  1. parvo, corona, rota
  2. parvo

(the other two are less prevalent and cause mild Cx)

(canine distemper also causes diarrhea)

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12
Q

(bacterial infections)

(salmonella)

  1. transmitted by fecal oral route - mainly how?
  2. Cx?
  3. dx?
A
  1. ingestion of contaminated food or water

(migratory birds source for cats, raw food diets for dogs)

  1. diarrhea, vomiting, fever

(many asympotmatic carriers)

  1. isolation of bacteria from fecal or blood samples
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13
Q

(bacterial infections)

(salmonella)

  1. tx?
  2. high mortatlity in what?
  3. zoonotic?
A
  1. abx (enrofloxacin or TMS)

correct fluid deficits

  1. neonates
  2. yes
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14
Q

(bacterial infections)

(campylobacter)

  1. most infected dogs are clinically normal carriers
  2. Cx?
  3. dx?
  4. tx?
A
  1. diarrhea, vomiting, hematochezia
  2. isolation of campylobacter from feces
  3. erythromycin, enrofloxacin, azithromycin

(may not clear carrier state)

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15
Q

(bacterial infections)

(clostridium perfringens)

  1. normally reside in bowel in vegetative form - cause trouble when they do what?
  2. Cx?
  3. dx?
  4. tx?
A
  1. release toxin (CPE) during sporulation
  2. diarrhea with hematochezia or tenesumus
  3. no definitive. fecal cultures not useful cause part of normal flora. fecal assays for CPE are availabe
  4. ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulonate, tylosin, clindamycin
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16
Q

(bacterial infections)

(Clostridium Difficile)

  1. found in normal dogs and cats
  2. fecal culture not useful. how dx?
  3. tx?
A
  1. fecal assays for toxins A and B
  2. metronidazole
17
Q

(fungal infections)

  1. intestinal pythiosis (pythium insidiosum( and zygomycosis causing what?
  2. most common where and in what?
  3. Cx?
  4. dx?
  5. tx?
A
  1. granulomatous tissue reactions
  2. young large breed dogs in southern Gulf states
  3. diarrhea and vomiting
  4. biopsy
  5. sx excision of affected segments
18
Q

(intestinal protothecosis)

  1. caused by what in dogs?
  2. Cx?
  3. dx?
  4. tx?
A
  1. algae
  2. large bowel diarrhea with hematochezia
  3. id organisms in feces, biopsies
  4. amphoceterin B and itraconazole

00-01-16: GI Disorders (12 decks)

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