09 - glaucoma

Question 1

what is glaucoma?

Answer 1

condition in which pressure is placed on the eye, causing inadequate fluid drainage in the eye

Question 2

(glaucoma)

1. impairment of outflow of what?
2. leading to what?
3. damages the axoplasmic flow in the optic nerve head resulting in what?

Answer 2

1. the aqueous humor outflow system
2. elevation of pressure within the eye
3. retinal degeneration and a loss of vision

Question 3

glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness in the middle-aged dog

Question 4

what is the normal outflow of aqeuous humor?

Answer 4

cornescleral outflow (+ a little uveoscleral outflow)

Question 5

1. primary glaucoma common in dogs or cats?
2. results from abnormal formation of what?

Answer 5

1. dogs
2. the iridocorneal angle

Question 6

Causes of secondary glaucoma…

Answer 6

Question 7

Cx of acute glaucoma

Answer 7

severe pain, vascular injection, corneal edema, pupillary dilation, loss of vision

Question 8

Cx of chronic glaucoma

Answer 8

Question 9

(tx of glaucoma)

1-3. 3 drugs?

Answer 9

1. osmotic diuretics (dehydrates vitreous humor -> rapid drop in IOP)
2. carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (decreases aqueous humor production)
3. miotics (^ aqueous humor outflow)

Question 10

(glacouma)

1. 3 procedures?

Answer 10

1. reduce aqueous production, surgical production of alternative drainage pathways, enucleation