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AU14 - Periodontology Exam 1 > 08/28 - Junctional Epithelium > Flashcards

08/28 - Junctional Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

During tooth eruption, the junctional epithelium is derived from ___.

A

reduced dental epithelium

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2
Q

Where is the junctional epithelium the widest?

A

widest in coronal portion (15-20 cell layers) and thin toward the CEJ (3-4 cell layers)

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3
Q

Which has a faster turnover rate: junctional epithelium or oral epithelium?

A

junctional epithelium

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4
Q

Junctional epithelium or oral epithelium?

  • larger cell size?
  • larger size of intercellular space?
  • larger number of desmosomes?
  • keratinization?
A
  • larger cell size: junctional epithelium
  • larger size of intercellular space: junctional epithelium
  • larger number of desmosomes: oral epithelium
  • JE has potential to keratinize
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5
Q

Where is the JE in comparission to the CEJ in a child? In a healthy adult? In a diseased adult?

A
  • child: JE above CEJ
  • healthy adult: JE at CEJ
  • diseased adult: JE below CEJ
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6
Q

Periodontitis occurs when the junctional epithelium ___.

A

migrates apically down the root surface

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7
Q

True or false: Viable junctional epithelium is not necessary for pocket formation.

A

FALSE. It is necessary for pocket formation.

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8
Q

Describe Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis (NUP).

A

junctional epithelium cells die so no pocketing! bone is exposed

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9
Q

What are the cells (6) of the lamina propria and describe what each does?

A
  • fibroblasts: synthesize matrix and fibers
  • mast cells: vasoactive substances
  • macrophages: phagocytosis and synthesis
  • neutrophilic granulocytes
  • lymphocytes
  • plasma cells
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10
Q

What are the fibers (4) of the lamina propria and describe each (where they are found, etc.)?

A
  • collagen: characteristic cross-banding; produced by fibroblasts, cementoblasts, and osteoclasts; most abundant
  • reticulin: numerous adjacent to basement membrane; around blood vessels
  • oxytalan: mostly in PDL; run parallel to long axis of tooth
  • elastic: around blood vessels
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11
Q

What are the 3 purposes of the gingival fibers?

A
  • reinforce the gingiva
  • provide resilience and tone
  • maintain architectural form and integrity
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12
Q

What are the 4 gingival fibers and where does each run?

A
  • circular fibers: encircle tooth like a cuff
  • dentogingival fibers: fan out from supra-crestal cementum into free gingiva
  • dentoperiosteal fibers: run from supracrestal cementum into attached gingiva
  • trasseptal fibers: run from tooth to tooth (embedded in cementum)
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13
Q

True or false: The periodontal ligament is richly vascular.

A

true

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14
Q

What two structures does the periodontal ligament join?

A

joins cementum and alveolar bone

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15
Q

What are the 2 functions of the periodontal ligament?

A
  • permits forces to be distributed

- essential for the tooth mobility

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16
Q

What are the 4 fibers of the periodontal ligament?

A
  • alveolar crest fibers
  • horizontal fibers
  • oblique fibers
  • apical fibers
17
Q

What are the 6 cells of the periodontal ligament?

A
  • fibroblasts: aligned along principal fibers
  • osteoblasts: line bone surface
  • cementoblasts: line cemental surface
  • osteoclasts: multinucleated; create ruffled surface of bone
  • epithelial cells
  • nerve fibers
  • epithelial cell rests of Mallassez: remnants of the Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath
18
Q

What is the cementum?

A

mineralized tissue covering root surface and, occassionally, small portions of the crown of the teeth

19
Q

How is cementum similar to bone? How is it different?

A 
DIFFERENT:
- no blood vessels
- no lymph vessels
- no innervation
- no physiology resorption/remodeling
SIMILAR:
- continuing deposition throughout life
- collagen fibers embedded in organic matrix
- high mineral content (65%), mainly HA
20
Q

What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic cemental fibers?

A
  • intrinsic: produced by cementoblasts; composed of fibers oriented parallel to root
  • extrinsic: Sharpey’s fibers; produced by PDL fibroblasts
21
Q

What are the 3 different forms of cemental fibers? Where are each located?

A
  • acellular extrinsic fiber cementum: coronal or middle portion of root
  • cellular mixed stratified cementum: apical 1/3 of root and in the furcation
  • cellular intrinsic fiber cementum: resorption lacunae
22
Q

True or false: Cementum thickness increases by gradual apposition throughout life.

A

true

23
Q

What is the cementum thickness in the cervical portion of the root? What is the cementum thickness in the apical portion of the root?

A
  • cervical portion: 20-50 micrometers

- apical portion: 150-250 micrometers

24
Q

The alveolar bone consists of ___ bone and ___ bone formed by cells from ___ and ___.

A
  • cancellous
  • cortical
  • from the dental follicle
  • independent of tooth development
25
Q

What cells/structures are in the bone marrow?

A

adipocytes, vascular structures, and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

26
Q

Alveolar bone remodels in response to ___ and ___.

A
  • forces

- tooth movement

27
Q

In the alveolar bone, ___ produce bone matrix (osteoid) consisting of ___, ___, and ___. Osteoid undergoes mineralization by the deposition of minerals like ___.

A
  • osteoblasts
  • collagen fibers
  • glycoproteins
  • proteoglycans
  • calcium and phosphate
28
Q

The dental tissue that most closely resembles bone is:

a. dentin
b. pulp
c. cementum
d. enamel

A

c. cementum

29
Q

The supraperiosteal vessels (blood supply to gingiva) are terminal branches of what 7 arteries?

A
  • sublingual artery
  • buccal artery
  • mental artery
  • facial artery
  • greater palatine artery
  • infraorbital artery
  • posterior superior dental artery
30
Q

What are the 4 arteries that make up the blood supply of the periodontal tissues?

A
  • dental artery
  • superior/inferior alveolar arteries
  • intra-septal artery
  • rami perforantes artery (terminal branch of intra-septal; penetrates alveolar bone all through the socket)
31
Q

What are the 4 relevant lymph nodes to the periodontia?

A
  • submental lymph nodes
  • deep cervical lymph nodes
  • submandibular lymph nodes
  • jugulodigastric lymph nodes
32
Q

What are the 7 nerve branches that supply the periodontia?

A
  • infraorbital nerve
  • sublingual nerve
  • posterior superior dental nerve
  • mental nerve
  • greater palatal nerve
  • buccal nerve
  • long sphenopalatine nerve

AU14 - Periodontology Exam 1 (11 decks)

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