08/02

Question 1

What is Guillain Barre Syndrome?

Answer 1

Immune mediated demyelination of the peripheral nervous system triggered by an infection (especially campylobacter infection)

Question 2

What are the symptoms of GBS?

Answer 2

Progressive symmetrical weakness of the limbs
-begins in the feet and spreads proximally

Reflexes are reduced or absent

Sensory symptoms are mild

Patients can have a history of gastroenteritis

Question 3

What investigations are needed in GBS?

Answer 3

Lumbar puncture
-rise in protein with normal WCC

Nerve conduction studies
-decreased motor conduction velocity

Question 4

What is degenerative cervical myelopathy?

Answer 4

Spinal cord dysfunction from compression of the neck

Question 5

What are symptoms of DCM?

Answer 5

Loss of motor function in upper limbs
Loss of sensation
Pain
Loss of autonomic function- faecal/urinary incontinence

Question 6

What is Cushing’s triad for raised ICP?

Answer 6

Widening pulse pressure
Bradycardia
Irregular breathing

Question 7

What is Amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis?

Answer 7

Form of motor neuron disease

Question 8

What drugs can exacerbate symptoms of myasthenia gravis?

Answer 8

Beta blockers
Lithium
Phenytoin
Quinidine
Penicillamine
Gentamicin 
Macrolides
Quinolones
Tetracyclines

Question 9

What are features of Charcot Marie Tooth Syndrome?

Answer 9

History of lots of sprained ankles
Foot drop
High arch
Hammer toes
Distal muscle weakness and atrophy
Hyporeflexia 
Stork leg deformity 
Family history

Question 10

What are features of encephalitis?

Answer 10

Fever
Headache
Psychiatric symptoms
Seizures
Vomiting
Focal features e.g. aphasia