06b: RNA Flashcards
(DNA/RNA) is the master copy and (DNA/RNA) is the working copy.
DNA; RNA
(DNA/RNA) is carefully reproduced and stable.
DNA
(DNA/RNA) is constantly synthesized, used, degraded.
RNA
The processes of transcription and translation are (X) in prok and (Y) in euk.
X = closely coupled
Y = spatially and temporally separate
T/F: the lengths of DNA and RNA are similar.
False - RNA shorter
T/F: RNA is always single-stranded.
True
(DNA/RNA/both/neither) can form secondary loop and stem structures.
RNA only (ex: tRNA)
Abundance of (X) RNA is the greatest. And of (Y) RNA is the least.
X = rRNA
Y = mRNA
The unit that defines RNA size (ex:20S) is related to the (X) of the molecule.
X = size and shape
In transcription, DNA is read in which direction? And RNA is synthesized in which direction?
Read: 3’ to 5’
Synthesis: 5’ to 3’
Which enzyme creates primer for transcription?
NO PRIMER NEEDED
The coding strand is the (X) strand.
X = sense
The non-coding strand is the (X) strand.
X = template
Bacterial RNA pol has which subunits in core enzyme?
Alpha (2 of them), beta, beta(‘)
RNA pol in bacteria: holoenzyme has which subunits?
Alpha (2 of them), beta, beta(‘), and sigma
Which subunit in prok RNA pol has the catalytic site?
Beta
Which subunit in prok RNA pol binds the DNA template?
Beta(‘)
Sigma subunit in prok RNA pol has which function?
Recognizes promoter regions (needed for appropriate initiation)
T/F: in genome, either DNA strand can be the template.
True
Which steps in transcription are catalyzed by RNA pol?
All (initiation, elongation, termination)
The prok promoter region sequences are written on the (X) strand.
X = sense (coding)
Once RNA pol binds DNA, an (open/closed)-promoter complex forms.
Closed-promoter complex first, then open-promoter complex
Beta subunit on RNA pol has (X) sites for:
X = 2 NT binding sites:
- For 5’ purine
- For all subsequent NTPs
First base in transcription is almost always:
Purine-5’-triphosphate
