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002 - Pathology - (02) - Inflammation > (06) LEcture 6 > Flashcards

(06) LEcture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

(Granulomatous Inflammation)

  1. chronic or acute process?
  2. What is the main componenet?
  3. Usually associated with what?
A
  1. chronic
  2. macrophages
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2
Q

(Granulomatours Inflammation)

  1. Th1-based granulomas = ?

(Immune Response: T helper cells (CD4) plus cytotoxic T cell (CD8))

  1. Th1 - favor what kind of immune response?
  2. Th1 cells produce IL-2 which starts a sequence - what is it?

(can react to exogenous or endogenous (auto-immune))

A
  1. classic “tuberculoid” type
  2. cell mediated (in response to IL-12, IFN-y, and others)
  3. IL-2 –> t lymphocyte proliferation –> IFN-y and TNF-b –> activation of mo and DC
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3
Q

(Chronic Inflammation)

(Immune Response: T helper cells (CD4))

  1. Th2 - favor what kind of immune response?
  2. Th2 cells produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 which cause what to happen?
  3. allergies
  4. often attract what other two cells?
  5. Th2 biased granuloma –> what type?
A
  1. humoral (in response to IL-4 and IL-10)
  2. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 –> B lymphocyte proliferation and plasma cell differentiation (–> plasma cell rich infiltrates)
  3. mast cells and eosinophils
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4
Q

(Granulomatous Inflammation)

(Causes)

1-2. give me the two

A
  1. endogenous (keratin, cholesterol, urates, etc) or foreign material (asbestos, silicates, suture material, plant material) to is resilient to degradation by macrophages
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5
Q

(Granulomatous inflammation)

(Foreign body type granuloma - low turnover)

  1. Inciting cause without what and what?
  2. is there a negative result for host organism?

(Foreign Body Type granuloma - high turnover)

  1. inciting cause without what but with what?
  2. harmful to host?
A
  1. proliferative an aggressive capacity (suture material)
  2. no
  3. without proliferative capacity but with aggressive capacity (urates, asbestos)
  4. after a (often long) period of time
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6
Q

(Granulomatous Inflammation)

(foreign body type granuloma)

  1. what does gross lesion look like?
  2. What do you see in histology?
A
  1. “quiet beige” - usually well demarcated (tumor-like)
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7
Q

(Granulomatous INflammation)

(Epitheloid Cell Granuloma (lepromatous type/histiocytic inflammation)

  1. proliferating? aggressive?
  2. how is immune response?
  3. What do you see grossly?
  4. What do you see in histology?
  5. necrosis? layered appearance?
A
  1. yes; no
  2. good
  3. gradual replacement (chronic progressive) of organ by poorly defined beige firm tissue (infiltrative) –> impairment of organ function
  4. large numbers of epitheolid macrophages (+/- lymphocytes and plasma cells)
  5. no, no
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8
Q

(Granulamatous Inflammation)

(Classic granuloma - tuberculoid type)

  1. proliferating? aggressive?

2-4. Course is dependent on what three things?

A
  1. yes, yes (mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  2. interplay of proliferative and aggressive interplay of infectious agent
  3. immune condition of host

4.

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9
Q

(Granulomatous Inflammation)

(Classic Granuloma - tuberculoid type)

  1. layered appearance of granuloma?
  2. with or without caseous necrosis?
  3. what two cell types in interface?
  4. What 3 cells in periphery?
  5. What happens to lesion and agent if immune system is “good”?
  6. What occurs if immune system is weak?
A
  1. yes
  2. can be either
  3. epitheloid macrophages and langhans type multinucleated giant cells
  4. lymphocytes, plasma cells, and fibroblasts
  5. is contained
  6. overwhelming proliferation of agents with widespred necrosis and poor cellular response
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10
Q

(Granulomatous Inflammation)

A
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11
Q

(Lymphoplasmacytic Inflammation)

  1. detectable grossly?
  2. Histological: frequently as what?

3-5. Plasma cell rich infiltrates: seen in what three things?

A
  1. often not
  2. perivascular infiltrates
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12
Q

(Lymphoplasmacytic Inflammation)

1-3. Difficult to Distinguish from what three things?

A
  1. lymphoid tissue of juvenile animals
  2. regular immune function in tubular organs (lympho-follicular inflammation)
  3. chronic suppurative inflammation in tubular organs

(this slide was in this section - but I don’t really know if it belongs under this type of inlammation or not)

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13
Q

(Eosinophils in Inflammation)

(Etiology - study of causation… why can’t i remember this…)

1-5. what are five causes?

A
  1. parasite infection
  2. IgE mediated hypersensitives
  3. paraneoplastic syndromes (mast cell tumor, lymphoma)
  4. Hypereosinophilic syndroms
  5. animal species (pig, raccoon, others?) (?)
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14
Q

(Erosive and Ulcerative Inflammatino)

  1. Type of inflammation of what two things?
  2. What is a defect of multi-layered epithelium that does not extend beyond stratum basale/basement membrane?
  3. 1 What do you see grossly? distinguishable from superficial ulcer?
    1. Histology: basement membrane intact? Only mild inflammatory reaction in what?
A
  1. skin and mucous membranes
  2. erosion
  3. 1 slight depreesion (theoretically); no
  4. 2 yes
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15
Q

(Erosive and Ulcertaive Inflammation)

(Erosion)

  1. Due to what?
A
  1. ruptured vesicle (eg after viral infection and burns)
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16
Q

(Erosive and ulcerative inflammatin)

  1. What is a defect that extnds beyond stratum basale/basement membrane with ulcer margins and ulcer base?
  2. What do you see grossly? Is there any bleeding? bordered by raised rim of granulation tissue when what?
A
  1. ulcer
  2. slight (superfical ucler) to deep depression (deep ulcer)

may see bleeding at base due to destruction of blood vessels in subcuti/lamina propria mucosase

17
Q

(Erosive and Ulcerative Inflammatin)

(ulcer)

(Histology)

  1. basement membrance intact?
  2. mild to marked inflammation in what?
  3. granulation tissue?

(Sequela)

  1. tends to become chronic with what?
  2. may do what if it gets bad enough?
A
  1. no (it is disrupted/destoyed)
  2. subcutis/lamina propria
  3. in chronic cases
  4. chronic hemorrhage (–> anemia)
  5. perforate (mainly in stomach –> peritonitis)
18
Q
A
19
Q

(Papular/proliferative inflammation)

  1. what is hyperplasia of epithelial cells as principle response to a viral infection (eg poxvirus or parapoxvirus)?
  2. Macule –> papule (–> vesicle –> pustule –> ulcer or crust/scab) (?)
  3. Proliferative lesions of the epidermis are also common with what?
A
  1. papule

002 - Pathology - (02) - Inflammation (6 decks)

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