06 - Exoprosthetics

Question 1

Prosthesis choice

Answer 1

• dpd on: mobility, type/lvl of amputation, cdt° of residual limb, cosmetic expectations, cost/affordability
• leg mobility grade from 0 to 4

Question 2

Gait

Answer 2

• phases
• – stance: initial contact - loading response - mid stance - terminal stance, pre swing
• – swing: initial swing - mid swing - terminal swing
• minimize accelerations and shocks
• msr
• – ground reaction forces (2-3 peaks)
• – jt angles
• – jt powers

Question 3

Foot prosthetics

Answer 3

• reqts: energy absorption and dissipation, good foot-ground contact, smooth foot rolling phases, store kinetic energy, dorsiflexion for foot clearance
• SACH, Jaipur, single axis, multi-axial, elastic keel, stored energy, mechatronic

Question 4

Knee prosthetics

Answer 4

• reqts: stability, impact absorption, CoM at cstt height, adaptation to gait cadences and patterns, dissipate & generate kinetic energy, foot clearance, decelerate shank during terminal swing
• stability: orientation, counter torque, chg center of rotation (multicentric jt)
• systems
• – manual locking
• – weight-activated locking (1st prosthesis)
• – polycentric
• – passive damping (!= cadences)
• – mechatronic
• – powered prostheses (challenge)

Question 5

Hip prosthetics

Answer 5

• challenges: connection to pelvis, px sores, adjustment

- ex: polycentric jts, ctld hyraulics

Question 6

Upper limb prosthetics

Answer 6

• fcts: hold & move obj thru space, manipulate obj, gesture, perception & exploration, cosmetics
• vs lower limbs: non periodic, non ballistic, energy storage/generation, grips, sensory feedback, esthetics
• prostheses
• – body-powered: via contra-lateral shoulder
• – motor-powered: EMG
• – targeted muscle reinnervation
• challenges: haptic feedback

Question 7

General challenges

Answer 7

• sensory feedback
• px sores
• indvdl adaptation
• growing children