[06] Birth and Lactation Flashcards
What are the stages of childbirth?
- First stage → dilation of the cervix
- Second stage → delivery of the baby
- Third stage → delivery of the placenta
What triggers the onset of labor?
A complex interaction of hormones, including prostaglandins and oxytocin
What is oxytocin?
A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates uterine contractions during labor
What are Braxton Hicks contractions?
False labor contractions that occur before actual labor
What is the function of the cervix during labor?
It dilates to allow the baby to pass through
What is the purpose of uterine contractions during labor?
They push the baby down the birth canal
What is an epidural?
A form of pain relief used during labor, delivered via a catheter into the epidural space in the spine
What is lactation?
The production of milk by the mammary glands
What hormone stimulates milk production?
Prolactin
What is prolactin?
A hormone released from the pituitary gland that stimulates milk production
What hormone triggers the release of milk from the mammary glands?
Oxytocin
What is colostrum?
The first form of milk produced by the mammary glands after giving birth
What are the benefits of breastfeeding for the baby?
- Nutrient-rich milk
- Transfer of antibodies
- Bonding with the mother
What are the benefits of breastfeeding for the mother?
- Bonding with the baby
- Helps the uterus return to its pre-pregnancy size
- May reduce the risk of certain types of cancer
What changes occur in the mammary glands during pregnancy and lactation?
- Enlargement of the glands
- Increased blood flow
- Darkening of the areolas
