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[10] Reproductive System > [02] Gametogenesis (Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis) > Flashcards

[02] Gametogenesis (Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis) Flashcards

1
Q

What is gametogenesis?

A

The process of forming mature sex cells, known as gametes

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2
Q

What are the two types of gametogenesis?

A
  • Spermatogenesis
  • Oogenesis
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3
Q

What is spermatogenesis?

A

The process of forming mature sperm cells

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4
Q

What is oogenesis?

A

The process of forming mature egg cells

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5
Q

Where does spermatogenesis occur?

A

In the testes

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6
Q

Where does oogenesis occur?

A

In the ovaries

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7
Q

What is the end result of spermatogenesis?

A

Four haploid sperm cells

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8
Q

What is the end result of oogenesis?

A

One haploid egg and three polar bodies

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9
Q

What is the purpose of spermatogenesis?

A

To produce sperm for reproduction

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10
Q

What is the purpose of oogenesis?

A

To produce eggs for reproduction

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11
Q

When does spermatogenesis begin in a male?

A

At puberty

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12
Q

When does oogenesis begin in a female?

A

Before birth

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13
Q

How many chromosomes do mature sperm and egg cells have?

A

23 each (haploid)

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14
Q

What are polar bodies in oogenesis?

A

Small cells produced alongside the egg that typically degenerate

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15
Q

How is a zygote formed?

A

By the fusion of a sperm and egg cell during fertilization

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16
Q

What is a zygote?

A

The cell resulting from the fusion of an egg and sperm

17
Q

What is the role of meiosis in gametogenesis?

A

It halves the number of chromosomes to create haploid gametes

18
Q

Why is it important for gametes to be haploid?

A

To maintain the correct number of chromosomes when they combine during fertilization

19
Q

How are mature sperm cells adapted for their function?

A

They are small and mobile with a tail for swimming, and they have an enzyme-filled head for penetrating the egg

20
Q

How are mature egg cells adapted for their function?

A

They are large and immobile with nutrients for the developing embryo, and they have a protective layer to prevent more than one sperm from entering

[10] Reproductive System (6 decks)

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