05 - Installing a Physical Network Flashcards
Structured Cabling
set of standards used all over the world to install cabling in a safe and orderly fashion
Who sets standards for structured cabling?
TIA/EIA
Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronic Industries Alliance
Differences between solid and stranded core?
solid core is a better conductor
stranded core is harder to break
Solid or stranded core for horizontal runs?
solid
Equipment Rack width
19 inches
Height measurements for equipment racks
U (unit)
- 1.75 inches
Patch panel
a box with a row of female ports in the front and permanent connections in the back, to which you connect the horizontal cables
Most common type of patch panel today
110 block
- offers less crosstalk than the old 66 block (2 pair block)
Patch Cable
short (3-5 ft) straight-through UDP cables
- usually stranded core
- reinforced boot
Demarc
marks the dividing line of responsibility for the functioning of the network
CPE
Customer-Premises Equipment
- box past the demarc
- wires that connect are called demarc extension
NIU
Network Interface Unit
- serves as demarc between home and ISP
- usually modem
MDF
Main Distribution Frame
- main swtich room, leads to all other rooms
IDF
Intermediate Distribution Room
- any switch room that isn’t the MDF
Steps to Install Cable
1 - get floorplan 2 - map cable runs 3 - determine location of telecommunications room 4 - pull cable 5 - test runs
Determine location of telecommunications room
- distance
- power
- humidity
- cooling
- access
wiremap test
- continuity
- both ends are connected to the right place
- shorts
- crossed wires
TDR
Time Domain Reflectometer
- tests continuity and wiremap
- can tell where a break is on an individual wire
NEXT & FEXT
- Near-end crosstalk, Far-end crosstalk
- how far the crosstalk is from the testing device on the wire
- measured in dB
attenuation
- the farther down a wire a signal goes, the weaker it gets
- measured in dB
cable certifiers
tools that verify cable runs meet TIA/EIA standards
Troubleshoot SFP
- check cable and connector
- check for dirty connectors
- check for physical or signal mismatch
light leakage
- bending a cable past its bend radius limitation
- light goes out of the cable instead of the end
dispersion
signal spreads out over distance
OTDR
Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
- TDR for fiber
Biggest issues with fiber
attenuation, light leakage, modal distortion
bonding
- using more than one NIC in a machine
- also called link aggregation
- double the speed from NIC to switch
LACP
Link Aggregation Control Protocol
- controls how multiple network devices send and receive data as a single connection
link light
- solid when connected
- flashing or off means there is a problem
activity light
- flickers with network traffic
collision light
- flickers when it detects collisions
- on older NICs
Troubleshoot fiber
- no lights for connections
- since connectors and NICs are the only places that can be touched, these are the first places to check
UPS
Uninterruptible Power Supply
- battery backup that plugs into wall
- does not provide enough power to continue running, just to shutdown in an orderly fashion
Two types of UPS
- Online - always on
- Standby - goes on when it detects power outage
Voltage Event Recorder
tracks voltage over time
A(n) _______________ organizes and protects the horizontal cabling in the telecommunications room.
Patch panel
