(05) Alcohols

Question 1

1. 1. Ethylene glycol is a relatively non-toxic compound in its parent form but can cause nephrotoxicity when what?
2. to what?
3. 3. although longer acting alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors are available, ethanol can be administered to prevent the formation of what?

Answer 1

1. metabolized
2. 2. oxalic acid is a nephrotoxic metabolite that causes massive chelation and precipitation of calcium in kidneys
3. toxic metabolites from other substrates

Question 2

1. What is a metabolite of procraine that may cause allergic reactions

Answer 2

1. PABA

Question 3

1. 5. Methanol can cause blindness due to formaldehyde, a product of what enzyme?
2. What is a metabolite that is primarily responsible for the acidosis observed after ingestion of denatured alcohol?
3. 7. In a pinch, beer is a useful sedative allowing a reluctant sow to nurse its new offspring. Alcohol causes dehydration and significant tolerance develops to the sedative effects of alcohol.
4. What is formed from ethanol by alcohol dehyrdogenase?

Answer 3

1. alcohol dehyrdogenase (Blindness is due to formaldehydes effect on the retina)
2. Formic Acid
3. acetylaldehyde