04 - Software Flashcards
Computer Program
Sequences of instructions for the computer.
Rich Internet Applications (RIA)
Web-delivered application combining hardware resources of the Web server and the PC to deliver valuable software services through a web browser interface.
Sphere of Influence
The scope of problems and opportunities that an organization addresses.
Personal
Workgroup - 2 or more people
Enterprise - includes customers, suppliers, shareholders, competitors, special-interest groups, the financial community and govt. agencies. ie. Business partners. ERP system.
System Software
Controls operations of the computer and supports the problem solving tasks of applications.
Operating Systems
Utility Programs
Middleware
Most firms spend more on SW than HW
Systems Software 2
Set of programs that coordinates the activities and functions of HW and other programs.
Computer System Platform is the combination of system software and hardware.
Most computers require a specific operating system software.
Operating System
A set of computer programs that controls the computer hardware and acts as an interface with applications.
Most users focus on applications
Most IT/IS focus on operating systems
Kernel
The heart of the Operating System and controls the most critical functions. Ties all components of system together.
User Interface
Allows user to access and command the computer
Command-based
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Natural User Interface (NUI) - touch screen or spoken command data entry.
Application Program Interface (API)
Allows applications to make use of the operating system.
The tools software developers use to bold application software without needing to understand the inner workings of the OS and hardware.
Mac Toolbox for example
Hardware Independence
Being able to develop software without concern for the specific underlying hardware. The operating system must adjust to changes - not the Applications.
OS Activities or Tasks
Support hardware functions Provide user interface and I/O mgmt Provide a degree of hardware independence Manage system memory Manage processor tasks Sometime provide network capability Control access to system resources Logon Procedure Manage files
Paging
I/O to virtual memory.
Processing
Multitasking - one computer running multiple processes concurrently.
Time sharing - one computer supporting multiple users concurrently.
Scalability- the degree a single computer can serve greater numbers of users.
Dual Boot
Having a choice at startup among two or more installed OS platforms.
Application Software
Applies the power of the computer to give people, workgroups and the entire enterprise the ability to solve problems and perform specific tasks.
Application Service Provider
A company that provides the SW, support and HW on which to run the software from the users’s facilities over a network.
Software as a Service
A service that allows businesses to subscribe to a web- delivered application software.
Security of data is a concern.
Web Suite
Software suite hosted on the Internet.
Middleware
Software that allows various systems to communicate and exchange data.
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
A modular method of developing software and systems that allows users to interact with systems and systems to interact with each other.
A more flexible solution than middleware applications.
Compiler vs Interpreter
After author assembles objects in preferred order, the source code must be converted to machine code so the COU can execute.
A compiler reads the objects and creates a stand alone but stable machine language program.
An interpreter reads the objects and streams the computer code output directly into the CPU. Once run, the machine code is disposed.
Programming
Language is a set of keywords, commands, symbols and rules for constructing statements by which humans can communicate instructions to a computer.
The Syntax is a set of rules associated with a language.
The program code is the set of instructions that signal the CPU to perform switching functions.
