01 Introduction Flashcards
Information System (IS)
A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
Data
Raw facts, such as an employee number, total hours worked in s week, inventory part numbers, or sales orders.
Information
A collection of facts organized and processed so that they have additional value beyond the value of the individual facts.
Information = Data made more useful through the application of knowledge.
Process
A set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined outcome.
Knowledge
The awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.
Data Transformation
Applying knowledge to select, organize and manipulate data to create information that is more useful and valuable that the collection of raw data.
Valuable Information Characteristics
Accessible Accurate Complete Economical Flexible Relevant Reliable Secure Simple Timely Verifiable
System
A set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals.
Four components of a system
Input
Processing
Output
Feedback
Efficiency
A measure of what is produced divided by what is consumed.
Effectiveness
A measure or the extent to which a system achieves its goals; it can be computed by dividing the goals actually achieved by the total of the stated goals.
System Performance Standard
A specific objective of the system.
Input
The activity of gathering and capturing raw data.
Processing
Converting or transforming data into useful outputs
Output
Production of useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports.
Feedback
Information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities.
Forecasting
Predicting future events to avoid problems.
Computer-Based Information System (CBIS)
A single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information.
Technology Infrastructure
All the hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store and process data into information.
Hardware
Computer equipment used to perform input, processing, storage and output activities.
Software
The computer programs that govern the operation of the computer.
Database
An organized collection of facts and information, typically consisting of two or more related data files.
Telecommunications
The electronic transmission of signals for communications that enables organizations to carry out their processes and tasks through effective computer networks.
Network
Computers and equipment that are connected in a building, around the country, or around the world to enable electronic communications.
Internet
The world’s largest computers network, consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information.
Intranet
An internal network based on Web technologies that allows people within an organization to exchange information and work on projects.
Extranet
A network based o Web technologies that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet.
Cloud Computing
Using the Internet to run and deliver important applications, such as accessing databases rather than run software locally.
Procedures
The strategies, policies, methods and rules for using a CBIS.
Business Information Sustems
Information systems that are almost always computer-based (CBIS) in structure that are optimized for bus sines related applications. These systems are often integrated in one product and can be delivered by the same software package. Less to More advanced: 1. Enterprise Systems, E and M commerce 2. MIS and DDS applications 3. Knowledge Mgmt. And Special-Purpose
Electronic Commerce
E-Commerce
Any business transaction executed electronically (B2B), (B2C) or (C2C) or between business or consumer entities and the public sector.
Mobile Commerce
M-Commerce
The use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct business.
Electronic Business
E-Business
Using information systems and the Internet to perform all business-related tasks and functions.
Transaction
Any business-related exchange such as payments to employees, sales to customers, and payments to suppliers.
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Enterprise System
An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to perform and record business transactions.
Payroll
Assembly
Period Closing
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System
Enterprise System
A set of integrated programs (modules) that manages the vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization.
Management Information System (MIS)
Information System
An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers.
MIS draws data from Enterprise Systems such as TPS and ERP systems.
MIS helps a firm do things right
DDS helps a firm do the right thing
Decision Support System (DDS)
Information System
An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to support problem-specific decision making.
MIS helps a firm do things right
DDS helps a firm do the right thing
Specialized Business IS
Knowledge Mgmt Sys (KMS)
Knowledge base
Artificial Intelligence (AI) IBM Watson
Expert System
Virtual Reality
Knowledge Worker (KW)
People who create, use, and disseminate knowledge and are usually professionals in science, engineering, business and other areas.
