04 - ethics/plagiarism

Question 1

Definition of research ethics

Answer 1

Field that systematically analyze the ethical questions raised by research involving human subjects

Question 2

Main focus of research ethics

Answer 2

Ensure that the study participants are protected, and that clinical research is conducted in a way that serves the needs of such participants and of society as a whole

Question 3

T or F: Research ethics only works when and only when it is applied before the research is conducted

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

Define morals

Answer 4

Principles and rules that define what is right or wrong
Informed by culture, religion, law

Question 5

Define ethics

Answer 5

Application and interpretation of morals

Question 6

Principle of non-maleficence

Answer 6

Not cause needless harm
Unnecessary risk

Question 7

Principle of beneficience

Answer 7

Promote welfare

Question 8

Principle of utility

Answer 8

Greatest benefit

Question 9

Principle of autonomy

Answer 9

Respect the decisions

Question 10

5 elements of the Nuremberg Code

Answer 10

• Social value
• Scientific validity
• No malfeasance
• Termination
• Informed consent

Question 11

Social value

Answer 11

Should benefit society

Question 12

Scientific validity

Answer 12

Trained persons, using correct techniques

Question 13

No malfeasance

Answer 13

Safe and minimise harm

Question 14

Termination

Answer 14

Participant withdrawal, stopping a harmful study

Question 15

Parts of informed consent (5)

Answer 15

• Explanations of procedures
• Potential risks and discomfort
• Potential benefits
• Rights of inquiry and withdrawal
• Signatures of participant and witnesses

Question 16

Definition of plagiarism from ConU code of conduct

Answer 16

The presentation of the work of another person, in whatever form, as one’s own or without proper aknowledgment

Question 17

Definition of plagiarism

Answer 17

Reproducing someone else’s work or ideas without giving credit where credit is due

Question 18

What counts as “other people’s ideas”? (4)

Answer 18

• all words quoted directly from another source
• all ideas paraphrased from a source
• all ideas borrowed from another source: statistics, graphs, charts.
• all ideas or materials taken from the internet

Question 19

Why cite your sources ? (3 reasons)

Answer 19

1. To give your writing credibility
2. To help the reader (enable the reader to go and check and read those sources if he/she so wishes
3. To protect yourself from plagiarism

Question 20

When do you not have to cite? (2)

Answer 20

Common knowledge
Common knowledge within your field