04/27/17 Flashcards
Most common cause of pediatric stroke? Confirmatory test?
MCC of pediatric stroke = Sickle Cell Disease (microvascular occlusion)
Test with hemoglobin electrophoresis
Best management of viral conjunctivitis?
Cool moist compresses.
ONLY use olopatadine (mast cell stabilizing agents) for allergic conjunctivitis
Gritty, watery discharge from tarsal conjunctiva
Viral conjunctivitis
Most common underlying defect in pts with infective endocarditis?
- Previously damaged heart valves.
Most likely mitral valve prolapse & regurgitation.
Mitral valve stenosis = rheumatic heart disease.
Subtherapeutic INR with history of DVT. DVT growing proximally. What is the next best step?
Switch from warfarin to rivaroxaban. Save thrombolytics for hemodynamically unstable patients.
Most common nerve injured with anterior dislocation of shoulder?
Axillary nerve - Innervates teres minor and deltoid so difficulty with abducting shoulder
1 month old with III/IV harsh holosystolic murmur at lower left sternal border. Next best step for eval?
Kid likely has VSD.
MOST VSDs that are small will close spontaneously before the age of 2.
Therefore, ECHO so that you can tell how big the defect is.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Absent dystrophin proteins because the gene is damaged
Diagnose <5 years old
> 5 years and it may be Becker. You can have some dystrophin present for this.
If you suspect that a patient has cirrhosis because they have telangectasias, and they have a history of alcohol use, what test should you order?
Screening EGD
Although liver biopsy is gold standard, you can diagnose without the biopsy. As a result, it’s better to get an EGD to see if they have varices that may hemorrhage
What are the two primary ppx treatments for small-medium esophageal varices?
- Esophageal varix ligation
2. Non-selective beta-blocker (nadolol or propanolol) to reduce portal venous pressure.
