04-10: Goniometry of Hip and Knee

Question 1

End Feels - Knee

Answer 1

Flexion - Soft

Extension - Firm

Question 2

Knee Flexion

Answer 2

ROM: 0˚-130˚
Pt: Supine, hip flexed to 90˚
Axis: Lateral epicondyle of femur
SA: Parallel to lateral midline of femur from lateral epicondyle to greater trochanter
MA: Parallel to lateral midline of fibula toward lateral malleolus
ST: femur

Question 3

Knee Extension

Answer 3

ROM: 0˚
Pt: Supine, hip in neutral (towel under achilles tendon)
Axis: Lateral epicondyle of femur
SA: Parallel to lateral midline of femur from lateral epicondyle to greater trochanter
MA: Parallel to lateral midline of fibula toward lateral malleolus
ST: femur

• If motion not o 0˚, record as “lacking in ____ extension”

Question 4

End Feels - Hip

Answer 4

Flexion - Soft

All other motions - Firm

Question 5

Hip Flexion

Answer 5

ROM: 0˚-120˚
Pt: Supine, opposite LE flat on plinth
Axis: Lateral, 1 fingerwidth ant/sup to greater trochanter
SA: Parallel to long axis of trunk in line with greater trochanter
MA: Lateral midline of femur toward lateral epicondyle
ST: pelvis

• Keep opposite LE flat to avoid PPT

Question 6

Hip Extension

Answer 6

ROM: 0˚-30˚
Pt: Sidelying, knee extended, opposite hip/knee flexed 90˚
Axis: Lateral, 1 fingerwidth ant/sup to greater trochanter
SA: Parallel to long axis of trunk in line with greater trochanter
MA: Lateral midline of femur toward lateral epicondyle
ST: pelvis and lumbar vertebrae

• Avoid lumbar extension; anterior pelvic tilt

Question 7

Hip ABD

Answer 7

ROM: 0˚-45˚
Pt: Supine, knee extended
Axis: Anterior surface of hip in line with greater trochanter (or ASIS)
SA: Parallel and below BL ASIS
MA: Anterior thigh, parallel to midline of femur toward midline of patella
ST: pelvis

• Prevent lateral rotation of hip, lateral tilt of pelvis

Question 8

Hip ADD

Answer 8

ROM: 0˚-30˚
Pt: Supine, hip and knee neutral, ABD contralateral LE out of the way
Axis: Anterior surface of hip in line with greater trochanter (or ASIS)
SA: Parallel and below BL ASIS
MA: Anterior thigh, parallel to midline of femur toward midline of patella
ST: pelvis

• Prevent medial rotation of hip, ipsilateral tilt of pelvis

Question 9

Hip IR

Answer 9

ROM: 0˚-45˚
Pt: Supine, khip and knee flexed to 90˚, opposite hip/.knee flexed and flat on plinth
Axis: Anterior middle of patella
SA: Parallel to midline of trunk toward ipsilateral shoulder
MA: crest of tibia toward mid-point between malleoli
ST: pelvis, femur

• Avoid rotation and ipsilateral tilting of pelvis
• Prevent contralateral trunk rotation

Question 10

Hip ER

Answer 10

ROM: 0˚-45˚
Pt: Supine, khip and knee flexed to 90˚, opposite hip/.knee flexed and flat on plinth
Axis: Anterior middle of patella
SA: Parallel to midline of trunk toward ipsilateral shoulder
MA: crest of tibia toward mid-point between malleoli
ST: pelvis, femur