03.Development Flashcards
Physical Development
Changes relating to body size and shape
Social Development
The ways in which our ability to interact with those around us changes as we move through the lifespan
Intellectual Development
Changes in the way we are able to think and reason as we move through the lifespan
Emotional Development
Learning to understand control and express our feelings and moods appropriately
Examples of physical development
- Loss of primary teeth and eruption of secondary teeth
- development of secondary sex characteristics
- increase in height and weight
Examples of social development
- Developing attitudes values and skills how we communicate
- Learning to behave appropriately in different social groups eg being considerate
Examples of emotional development
Controlling and understanding your own self esteem and self concept and not throwing a tantrum when you do not get what you want
Examples of intellectual development
- Improving attention and memory
- acquiring new knowledge and
- learning how to problem solve
What is development
Gradual changes in our physical social emotional and intellectual states and abilities
Prenatal
Conception till birth
Infancy
Birth to 2 years
Childhood
2 to 10 years
Adolescence
10 to 20 years
Early Adulthood
20 to 40 years
Middle Age Adultdood
40 to 65 years
Old Age Adulthood
65+ years
What are the three stages of prenatal
Germinal, embryonic, foetal
How long is the germinal stage
conception to week 2
How long is the embryonic stage
week 3 to week 8
How long is the foetal stage
Week 9 to approx week 40
What key things occur during the germinal stage of the life span
Fertilisation and Implantation
What is fertlisation?
If a sperm penetrates the ovum and the genetic material fuse to become a single cell called a zygote
What is implantation
When the cells begin to divide as the ova travels through the fallopian tube and implants into the lining of the uterus for nourishment
What is a zygote
When the sperm penetrates the ovum and the genetic material fuse to become a single cell, this single cell is called a zygote
Examples of development during the embryonic stage
- All organs other than reproductive and all major body structures and systems develop
- Basic features emerge e.g. eyes, nose, mouth, arms and legs.
- By week 8 the heartbeat is detectable
Examples of development during the foetal stage
- Increase in size
- sex organs are formed
- organs start to function such as the digestive system
- bones begin to ossify
- brain develops and can perform basic functions to sustain life
Infancy and childhood physical development examples
- Rapid growth in height and weight
- bones ossify and lengthen
- teeth erupt
Cephalocaudal development
muscles in head and neck develop before feet and legs because the head is very heavy and necessary for survival
Poximodistal development
muscles in innermost parts of the body such as the heart and lungs develop before those at extremities
Fine Motor skill development
smaller movements, small muscle group, eg. Writing, threading a needle
Gross motor skill development
large movements, large muscle groups eg kicking a ball
Primary Sex characteristics
Reproductive organs that are present at birth and include the testes, ovaries, external genitalia
Secondary Sex characteristics
Changes that occur during puberty but are not directly related to reproduction eg pubic and underarm hair, voice deepens, breast development
Infancy and Childhood social development examples
- learning how to interact with others appropriately
- using manners
- communicating effectively
- learning to co operate, use team work and share.
Infancy and childhood emotional development examples
learning to develop more emotions and controlling them
Infancy and childhood emotional development examples
- Rapid language acquisition e.g. progress from babbling to complete sentences.
- Rapidly develop problem solving skills.
- Begin to understand cause and effect.
- Beginning to reason and compromise
Adolesence physical development examples
- Growth spurt during puberty
- secondary sex characteristics develop such as breast and penile development, voice deepening and pubic hair growth.
- Bones complete ossification
- fine and gross motor development refines.
Male hormones that impact development
Testosterone and Human Growth Hormone
Female Hormones impacting development
Osterogen, progesterone and human growth hormone
Testosterone role
Responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics
Osterogen
Responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristic and is also involved in the menstrual cycle
Progesterone
Regulates the menstrual cycle and formation of the lining of the uterus
Human Growth hormone
Responsible for the increase in general body size
Adolesence social development examples
- Demonstrate a greater interest in a romantic relationships
- Learn to interact and communicate with a wider range of people e.g. school, sport, wider friendship groups
- learn to take on new roles such as a part time job, boyfriend, girlfriend etc
- Being accepted becomes important and therefore learn to behave.
- Learn to behave in socially appropriate ways appropriate ways to fit in.
Adolesence emotional development examples
- Can become more self conscious as compare themselves to others.
- Learn to control mood swings.
- Experience new emotions eg love, lust.
- Develop self concept.
Adolescence intellectual development examples
- Learn to think in abstract and analytical ways.
- Learn to reason and solve complex problems.
- Develop a more efficient memory.
- Learn to consider issues from a number of points of view.
Stages of Adulthood
Early 20 to 40 yrs. Middle 40 to 65 years. Late 65 onwards.
Early adulthood physical development
- Reach max height
- bone density
- strength
- aerobic capacity
Middle adulthood physical development
- Maintenance of height, bone density, strength, aerobic power.
- Signs of ageing start to appear
- Reflexes and senses decrease
Late adulthood physical development
- Decline in all areas e.g strength, height, etc.
- Afflicted with degenerative diseases e.g osteoporosis, arthritis, etc.
- Metabolism slows, bowel functioning decreases.
Early adulthood social development
Learn to take on new roles eg parent. Learn to become independent
Middle adulthood social development
- Learn to make adjustments around children leaving home.
- Learn to take on new roles e.g. grandparent.
- Dealing with/caring for ageing parents
Late adulthood social development
- Learn to cope with retirement
- Learn to deal with a reduced social network.
Early adulthood intellectual development
- Learn new skills at University
- employment
- becoming a parent
- travel
Middle adulthood intellectual development
Learn new skills with changes in life, e.g as own children get older, take on new roles at work, start new hobbies, travel
Late adulthood intellectual development
- Learn new skills often through activities such as playing cards, crosswords, travel. -
- Information processing speeds slow down.
- Memory does not recline but ability to recall does.
Emotional Development across all stages of adulthood
- Experience new emotions.
- Refine ways of coping with their emotions
Changes relating to body size and shape
Physical Development
The ways in which our ability to interact with those around us changes as we move through the lifespan
Social Development
Changes in the way we are able to think and reason as we move through the lifespan
Intellectual Development
Learning to understand control and express our feelings and moods appropriately
Emotional Development
- Loss of primary teeth and eruption of secondary teeth
- development of secondary sex characteristics
- increase in height and weight
Examples of physical development
- Developing attitudes values and skills how we communicate
- Learning to behave appropriately in different social groups eg being considerate
Examples of social development
- Controlling and understanding your own self esteem and self concept
- not throwing a tantrum when you do not get what you want
Examples of emotional development
- Improving attention and memory
- acquiring new knowledge and
- learning how to problem solve
Examples of intellectual development
Gradual changes in our physical social emotional and intellectual states and abilities
What is development
Conception till birth
Prenatal
Birth to 2 years
Infancy
2 to 10 years
Childhood
10 to 20 years
Adolescence
20 to 40 years
Early Adulthood
40 to 65 years
Middle Age Adultdood
65+ years
Old Age Adulthood
Germinal, embryonic, foetal
What are the three stages of prenatal
conception to week 2
How long is the germinal stage
week 3 to week 8
How long is the embryonic stage
Week 9 to approx week 40
How long is the foetal stage
Fertilisation and Implantation
What key things occur during the germinal stage of the life span
When a sperm penetrates the ovum and the genetic material fuse to become a single cell called a zygote
Fertlisation
When the cells begin to divide as the ova travels through the fallopian tube and implants into the lining of the uterus for nourishment
Implantation
When the sperm penetrates the ovum and the genetic material fuse to become a single cell, this single cell is called a
Zygote
- All organs other than reproductive and all major body structures and systems develop
- Basic features emerge e.g. eyes, nose, mouth, arms and legs.
- By week 8 the heartbeat is detectable
Embryonic stage
Increase in size, the sex organs are formed, organs start to function such as the digestive system, bones begin to ossify, brain develops and can perform basic functions to sustain life are examples of?
Examples of development during the foetal stage
Rapid growth in height and weight, bones ossify and lengthen, teeth erupt are examples of what development?
Infancy and childhood physical development
Muscles in head and neck develop before feet and legs because the head is very heavy and necessary for survival
Cephalocaudal development
Muscles in innermost parts of the body such as the heart and lungs develop before those at extremities
Poximodistal development
Smaller movements, small muscle group, eg. Writing, threading a needle are examples of ?
Fine Motor skill development
Large movements, large muscle groups eg kicking a ball are examples of ?
Gross motor skill development
Reproductive organs that are present at birth and include the testes, ovaries, external genitalia are examples of?
Primary Sex characteristics
Changes that occur during puberty, not directly related to reproduction eg pubic and underarm hair, breast development, voice deepening are examples of?
Secondary Sex characteristics
Learning how to interact with others appropriately, using manners and communicating effectively, as well as learning to co operate, use team work and share are examples of?
Infancy and Childhood social development
Learning to develop more emotions and controlling them are examples of?
Infancy and childhood emotional development
Rapid language acquisition e.g. progress from babbling to complete sentences. Rapidly develop problem solving skills. Begin to understand cause and effect. Beginning to reason and compromise are examples of?
Infancy and childhood emotional development
Growth spurt during puberty, secondary sex characteristsics develop such as breast and penile development, voice deepeneing and pubic hair growth. Bones complete ossification and fine and gross motor development refines are examples of?
Adolesence physical development
Testosterone and Human Growth Hormone are responsible for ?
Male development
Osterogen, progesterone and human growth hormone are responsible for?
Female development
Responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics is what hormone?
Testosterone role
Responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristic and is also involved in the menstrual cycle is what hormone?
Osterogen
Regulates the menstrual cycle and formation of the lining of the uterus is what hormone?
Progesterone
Responsible for the increase in general body size is what hormone?
Human Growth hormone
Demonstrate a greater interest in a romantic relationship, Learn to interact and communicate with a wider range of people e.g. school, sport, wider friendship groups, learn to take on new roles such as a part time job, boyfriend, girlfirend etc. Being accepted becomes important and therefore learn to behave. Learn to behave in socially appropriate ways appropriate ways to fit in are examples of what development?
Adolesence social development examples
More self conscious as they compare themselves to others. Learn to control mood swings. Experience new emotions eg love, lust. Develop self concept are examples of what development?
Adolesence emotional development examples
Learn to think in abstract and analytical ways. Learn to reason and solve complex problems. Develop a more efficient memory. Learn to consider issues from a number of points of view are examples of what development?
Adolesence intellectual development examples
Early 19 to 39 yrs. Middle 40 to 64 years. Late 65 onwards.
Stages of Adulthood
Reach max height, bone density, strength, aerobic capacity are examples of?
Early adulthood physical development
Maintenance of height, bone density, strength, aerobic power. Signs of ageing start to appear. Reflexes and senses decrease are examples of?
Middle adulthood physical development
Decline in all areas e.g strength, height, etc. Afflicted with degenerative diseases e.g osteoporosis, arthritis, etc. Metabolism slows, bowel functioning decreases are examples of?
Late adulthood physical development
Learn to take on new roles eg parent. Learn to become independent are examples of?
Early adulthood social development
Learn to make adjustments around children leaving home. Learn to take on new roles e.g. grandparent. Dealing with/caring for ageing parents are examples of?
Middle adulthood social development
Learn to cope with retirement, Learn to deal with a reduced social network are examples of?
Late adulthood social development
Learn new skills at University, employment, becoming a parent, travel are examples of?
Early adulthood intellectual development
Learn new skills with changes in life, e.g as own children get older, take on new roles at work, start new hobbies, travel are examples of?
Middle adulthood intellectual development
Learn new skills often through activities such as playing cards, crosswords, travel. Information processing speeds slow down. Memory does not recline but ability to recall does are examples of?
Late adulthood intellectual development
Experience new emotions. Refine ways of coping with their emotions are examples of?
Emotional Development across all stages of adulthood
