03/02/25 Flashcards
What is Sturge-Weber syndrome?
- An arteriovenous malformation affecting the face and CNS
- Peripheral vessels are not afffected
What are the signs and symptoms of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome?
The following sings affecting a single extremity (most commonly the leg):
- Port wine stains with sharp borders
- Varicose veins
- Hypertrophy of bony and soft tissues, may lead to gigantism or shrinking
- Improperly developed lymphatic system
What is missing in atypical Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome?
Port wine stains
Hemarthrosis without trauma is typically a feature of what?
Haemophilia A or B
What dermatomal level requires blockade in open inguinal hernia repair?
T12
What are Marjolin’s ulcers?
Squamous cell carcinoma occurring at sites of chronic inflammation or previous injury
What structure is most liable to injury during dissection of the saphenofemoral junction and why?
- Deep external pudendal artery
- It runs under the long saphenous vein close to it’s origin
What nerve is most at risk to injury during short saphenous vein surgery and why?
- Sural nerve
- It runs along the posterior aspect of the leg with the short saphenous vein
Young females at high risk of breast cancer should have what screening?
Annual breast MRI scans
Organ rejection is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
Type IV
How should polyps be managed in the presence of known colonic cancer?
- Leave them in situ until the cancer has been resected
- There is risk of seeding from the polyp, and they may also only contain dysplastic cells
What nerve is at risk during excision of the submandibular gland and why?
- Lingual nerve
- It wraps around Wharton’s duct in the submandibular gland
What is the approximate volume of pancreatic secretions in a day?
1000-1500 ml
What is normal intracranial pressure?
7-15mmHg
Up to what intracranial pressure can the brain accommodate changes and what happens after?
- 24 mmHg
- Clinical features become evident after this
