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General Anatomy Lecture > 02 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

02 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

What system makes up of your body’s outer layer. It’s made up of your skin, nails, hair and the glands and nerves on your skin. Your ___________ acts as a physical barrier — protecting your body from bacteria, infection, injury and sunlight. It also helps regulate your body temperature and allows you to feel skin sensations like hot and cold.

A

Integumentary System

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2
Q

What are the functions of Integumentary Sytsem?

A

 Body temperature regulation
 Stores blood
 Protection from the external environment
 Detects cutaneous sensations
 Excrete and absorb substances
 Synthesize vitamin D

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3
Q

_______ is the largest and heaviest organ in your body.

A

Skin

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4
Q

All of the following are components of
the Integumentary System, except:

a. Skin
b. Hair
c. Oil and sweat glands
d. Nerves
e. Nails
f. Sensory receptors
g. All of the above
h. None of the above

A

D. Nerves

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5
Q

Layers of the Skin

A

 Epidermis
 Dermis
 Subcutaneous Layer
 Skin Appendages

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6
Q

The ____________ is the most superficial layer of the skin and provides the first barrier of protection from the invasion of substances into the body.

A

Epidermis

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7
Q

____________, a protein inside skin cells, makes up the skin cells and, along with other proteins, sticks together to form this layer.

A

Keratin

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8
Q

Layers of Epidermis ( Superficial to Deep)

A

 Stratum corneum
 Stratum lucidum
 Stratum granulosum
 Stratum spinosum
 Stratum basale

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9
Q

flattened dead keratinocytes

A

 Stratum corneum

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10
Q

Present only on thick skin (palm, fingertip, sole)

A

Stratum lucidum

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11
Q

Keratohyalin and lamellar granules

A

Stratum granulosum

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12
Q

Keratinocytes are larger and rounder

A

Stratum spinosum

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13
Q

Deepest, single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes

A

Stratum basale

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14
Q

This is the layer of the epidermis that you see.

A

Stratum Corneum

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15
Q

_______________ are strong, dead keratinocytes, and they protect you from harm, including abrasions, light, heat and pathogens.

A

Corneocytes

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16
Q

The _________ is a thin, transparent layer of keratinocytes that are becoming less round and have a flatter shape.

A

Stratum lucidum

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17
Q

Keratinocytes have granules within them, and in this layer they’re visible under a microscope.

A

Stratum granulosum

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18
Q

This layer mostly consists of keratinocytes held together by sticky proteins called desmosomes The ___________ helps make your skin flexible and strong.

A

Stratum spinosum

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19
Q

New skin cells develop in this layer.

A

Stratum basale

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20
Q

Produce the protein keratin.

A

Keratinocyte stem cells

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21
Q

Epidermal Cells

A

 Keratinocyte
 Melanocyte
 Intradermal macrophage (Langerhans cell)
 Tactile epithelial cell (Merkel cell)

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22
Q

Epidermal Cell: Tough, fibrous, for protection.

A

Keratinocyte

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23
Q

Epidermal Cell: Produces Melanin, for skin color and pigmentation

A

Melanocyte

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24
Q

Epidermal Cell: Role in immune response

A

Intradermal macrophage

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25
Q

Epidermal Cell: Deepest, detect touch sensation

A

Tactile epithelial cell

26
Q

Other term for Intradermal macrophage

A

Langerhans Cell

27
Q

Other term for Tactile epithelial cell

A

Merkel Cell

28
Q

The ______ makes up 90% of skin’s thickness.

A

Dermis

29
Q

Layers of Dermis

A

 Papillary layer
 Reticular layer

30
Q

1/5th of dermis, loose areolar connective tissue

A

Papillary layer

31
Q

4/5th of dermis, dense connective tissue

A

Reticular layer

32
Q

Excessive amount of keratinized cells shed from the skin of the scalp

A

Dandruff

33
Q

Condition resulting from premature shedding of keratinocytes, only 7-10 days moving from stratum basale to stratum corneum

A

Psoriasis

34
Q

Permanent coloration of the skin in which a foreign pigment is deposited with a needle into macrophages of the skin

A

Tattooing

35
Q

Accessory structures of the skin (3)

A

 Hair
 Nails
 Skin glands

35
Q

______________ are anatomical skin-associated structures that serve a particular function including sensation, contractility, lubrication and heat loss in animals.

A

Skin appendages

36
Q

Basically, accessory structures of the skin

A

Skin appendages

37
Q

Skin Appendages: Columns of dead, keratinized epidermal cells bonded together by extracellular protein

A

Hair

37
Q

Function of Skin appendages (2)

A

 Protection
 Body temperature regulation

38
Q

Skin Appendages: Tightly packed, hard, dead, keratinized epidermal cells

A

Nails

39
Q

Skin Appendages: Sebaceous and sweat glands

A

Skin glands

40
Q

What are the functions of Hair?

A

 Guards the scalp from injury and the sun’s rays
 Decreases heat loss from the scalp
 Eyebrows and eyelashes protect the eyes from foreign particles
 Function in sensing light touch

41
Q

The ______ is a platelike, keratinous, translucent structure that consists of highly specialized epithelial cells.

A

Nail

42
Q

Your _____ protect the ends of your fingers and toes.

A

Nails

43
Q

The anatomy of your nail consists of: (5)

A

 Nail plate
 Nail bed
 Cuticle
 Matrix
 Lunula

44
Q

The hard part of your nail you can see.

A

Nail Plate

45
Q

The skin under your nail plate.

A

Nail Bed

46
Q

The “root” of your nail responsible for making it grow.

A

Matrix

47
Q

The white, moon-shaped part of your nail plate.

A

Lunula

48
Q

________ are found throughout your skin. They release materials like water, salt or oil from under your skin to the surface of your skin.

A

Skin Glands

48
Q

The thin skin at the base of your nail plate.

A

Cuticle

49
Q

What are the three Skin Glands

A

 Sebaceous (oil) glands
 Sudoriferous (sweat) glands
 Ceruminous glands

50
Q

___________________, also known as sweat glands, are either of two types of secretory skin glands, eccrine or apocrine.

A

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands

50
Q

Two Kinds of Sudoriferous (sweat) glands

A

 Eccrine
 Apocrine

51
Q

Simple, coiled tubular glands, secretion is mostly water, (“secrete outwardly”)

A

Eccrine

52
Q

Simple, coiled tubular glands but have larger ducts and lumens, secretion appears more milky and yellowish in color

A

Apocrine

53
Q

Simple, branched acinar (rounded) glands

A

Sebaceous (oil) glands

54
Q

Secretion: Sebum

A

Sebaceous (oil) glands

55
Q

_________________ are an organ in your skin that make and secrete sebum.

A

Sebaceous (oil) glands

56
Q

Modified sweat glands in the external ear

A

Ceruminous glands

57
Q

Secretion: waxy lubricating secretion

A

Ceruminous glands

General Anatomy Lecture (4 decks)

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