02. Cellular Flashcards
Cell
the basic organizational unit of all living organisms
Cytology
Scientific Study of Cells
Cytoplasm
The part of a cell that is enclosed within the plasma membrane
Protoplasm
The living contents of a cell that are surrounded by a plasma membrane
DNA
molecules carrying genes
Organelles
a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, and is usually separately enclosed within its own lipid membrane
Membrane
Made up of lipid molecules comprised in a dipole or bilayer and various types of protein molecules
Microfilaments
membrane bound channels within cells
Microvilli
slender hair-like extensions of the outer membrane wall of cells
cell nucleus
the control center of the cell, which contains the cell’s chromosomal DNA
endoplasmic reticulum
a eukaryotic organelle that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles, and cisternae within cells
rough ER
important for synthesis of proteins
smooth ER
important for synthesis of non-proteins, such as fluids
mitochondria
membrane-bound organelles within cytoplasm with a variety of functions: respiration, chemical energy derived from breakdown of organic compounds
lysosomes
responsible for removing material from the cytoplasm, intracellular scavengers
golgi complex
consists of one or more zones of smooth ER, they are important as secretory structures
