010915 anatomy liver

Question 1

common hepatic duct

Answer 1

after merging of R and L hepatic ducts

Question 2

what drains into the sphincter of oddi?

Answer 2

common bile duct and main pancreatic duct

Question 3

what’s in the portal triad?

Answer 3

portal vein
proper hepatic artery
common bile duct

Question 4

pancreas is peritoneal or retroperitoneal?

Answer 4

retroperitoneal

Question 5

portal lobule of liver

Answer 5

looks at exocrine function of liver

has portal triad in the center

Question 6

hepatic acinus

Answer 6

splits acinus into three zones

diamond shaped

Question 7

classic lobule of liver

Answer 7

hexagonal shaped with central vein in the middle

Question 8

Kuppfer cells are located in

Answer 8

sinusoids of liver

Question 9

how does the gallbladder concentrate bile?

Answer 9

absorbs water, Na and Cl so that bile salts, cholesterol, lecithin, and bilirubin are concentrated

Question 10

what keeps cholesterol in the gallbladder from forming gallstones?

Answer 10

it’s solubilized by BILE SALTS

Question 11

fxn of bile salts

Answer 11

emulsification-to break fat into smaller particles

forms micelles

Question 12

effect of CCK on liver

Answer 12

fatty foods in duodenum cause release of CCK

CCK causes:

• -gallbladder contraction and emptying (Ach from vagus is weaker stimulus)
• -relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi

Question 13

effect of secretin on liver

Answer 13

acts on biliary epithelium (bile ducts from the liver) to produce a solution rich in sodium bicarbonate

the purpose of this is to help neutralize acids and optimize pancreatic fxn

Question 14

in the ileum, what happens to bile acids?

Answer 14

they can be reabosrbed through portal blood to go back to the liver

Question 15

pancreatic acini and ducts fxn to do what?

Answer 15

acini: secrete digestive enzymes
ducts: secrete bicarb rich solution (like the liver)

Question 16

what digestive enzymes does pancreas secrete for breaking proteins?

Answer 16

trypsin, chymotrpsin, carboxypolypeptidase (all secreted in inactive form)

Question 17

how are carbs broken down?

Answer 17

ptyalin (saliva)- 20-40%
pancreatic amylase- 50-80%

these two enzymes break down starches to maltose and 3-9glucose polymers

Question 18

pancreatic lipase works on what?

Answer 18

emulsified fat (emulsified by bile)

Question 19

products formed in reaction catalyzed by pancreatic lipase?

Answer 19

fatty acids and monoglycerides

Question 20

where is bicarbonate made?

Answer 20

in ductule cells, which secrete into the pancreatic and biliary ducts

Question 21

CCK’s effect on pancreas

Answer 21

causes acini to produce digestive enzymes

Question 22

secretin’s effect on pancreas

Answer 22

causes pancreatic duct epithelium to produce bicarbonate rich solution