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Clinical Conditions II: Physical Health > 01: Vascular Diseases And Diabetes > Flashcards

01: Vascular Diseases And Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

True or false: Arteries carry oxygenated blood.

A

True

with the exception of pulmonary arteries.

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2
Q

Veins carry deoxygenated blood except for which veins?

A

Pulmonary veins

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3
Q

When you give blood, do you give blood from an artery or vein?

A

Vein

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4
Q

Why do arteries lay so deep within the body?

A

More severe if damaged; higher pressure

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5
Q

A patient presents with thickening and narrowing of the arteries leading to reduced/obstructed blood flow; they are at risk for thrombosis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Peripheral artery disease
B. Chronic venous insufficiency
C. Diabetes
D. Deep vein thrombosis

A

A

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6
Q

True or false: Plaque forms in front of the artery wall.

A

False

Plaque forms between the artery wall.

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7
Q

When a blood clot develops in a blood vessel and reduces the flow of blood through the vessel, this is called…

A. Embolism
B. Thrombosis
C. Plaque occlusion
D. Claudication

A

B

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8
Q

When a piece of blood clot or other bodily or foreign substance travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel and largely obstructs or occludes blood flow, this is called…

A. Embolism
B. Thrombosis
C. Plaque occlusion
D. Claudication

A

A

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9
Q

Limb pain and limping associated with walking which is relieved immediately with rest is called…

A. Embolism
B. Thrombosis
C. Plaque occlusion
D. Claudication

A

D

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10
Q

Claudication is present in which of the following cardiovascular diseases?

A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Peripheral Artery Disease
C. Peripheral Vascular Disease
D. Pulmonary embolism

A

B

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11
Q

The 5 P’s (pain, pallor, parenthesis, paralysis, poikilothermia) are used to assess which of the following conditions?

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Peripheral artery disease
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

C

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12
Q

True or false: Deep vein thrombosis is when a blood clot has traveled from a deep vein to a smaller vessels in the lung.

A

False

Deep vein thrombosis is a blood clot that’s forms in a deep vein (usually the arm or leg).

Pulmonary embolism is when a blood clot has traveled from a deep vein to a smaller vessels in the lung.

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13
Q

50 percent of DVT and PE’s occur in a hospital setting. Which is the most likely reason why?

A. Surgical procedure
B. Improper wound care
C. Natural part of the healing process post-op
D. Immobility

A

D

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14
Q

A patient presents with swelling of the lower extremity, tenderness, pain, and redness. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Peripheral artery disease
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

B

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15
Q

A patient presents with difficulty breathing, rapid or irregular heart rate, low blood pressure, and chest pain/discomfort. What is the most likely condition?

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Peripheral artery disease
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

A

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16
Q

A patient presents with aching/cramping of the lower extremities, itching, tingling, pain subsiding with elevation, redness, swelling, varicose veins, thickening and hardening of skin, and slow healing wounds. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Peripheral artery disease
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

D

17
Q

True or false: Raynaud’s presents with vasoconstriction or vasospasm and whitening or bluing of the digits (fingers or toes).

A

True

18
Q

The most common type of heart disease is called:

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Coronary artery disease
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

C

19
Q

A patient presents with angina (chest pain), shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and lightheadedness. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Coronary artery disease
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Cardiovascular accident
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

A

20
Q

You are working with a patient on day 2 post-surgery. You noticed as she starts to get out of bed that she has a very red looking area on the calf of her leg. What could this be?

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Coronary artery disease
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

B

21
Q

You are working with a patient in an outpatient setting and noticed he is limping and has pain when he walks. His right leg is quite cool to the touch and states the pain is worse when he is walking. What might be occurring with this patient?

A. Peripheral artery disease
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Coronary artery disease
D. Chronic venous insufficiency

A

A

22
Q

True or false: Diabetes can be caused by low levels of insulin, insulin malabsorption, or insulin resistance.

A

True

23
Q

True or false: Pre-diabetes can present with hypoglycemia but be reversed with lifestyle change.

A

False

Pre-diabetes can present with hyperglycemia but be reversed with lifestyle change.

24
Q

A patient presents with extreme hunger and thirst, frequent urination, slow-healing wounds, and dry, itchy skin. What is the most likely condition?

A. Peripheral artery disease
B. Coronary artery disease
C. Diabetes mellitus
D. Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

C

25
Q

True or false: Diabetic ketoacidosis is when the liver metabolizes glucose instead of fat, secondary to insulin deficiency.

A

False

Diabetic ketoacidosis is when the liver metabolizes fat instead of glucose, secondary to insulin deficiency.

26
Q

A patient presents with decreased alertness, rapid breathing, flushed face, and headache. They report frequent urination. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Peripheral artery disease
B. Coronary artery disease
C. Diabetes mellitus
D. Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

D

27
Q

Serious complications from diabetic ketoacidosis include all but which of the following?

A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Cerebral edema
C. Cardiac arrest
D. Kidney failure

A

A

Clinical Conditions II: Physical Health (7 decks)

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