01 Respiratory System - Anatomy and Breathing

Question 1

Main Functions

Answer 1

• Supplies O2 to cells and removes CO2
• Protects body against microorganisms
• Produces sounds for speaking

Question 2

Nasal Cavity

Answer 2

Structure:
- Narrow,hollow passage
- Lined with cilia & mucous

Function
- Mucous filters and moistens air
- Cilia filter out debris

Question 3

Pharynx

Answer 3

Structure
- Aka Throat
- Muscular

Function
- Passage for air and food
- Connects larynx and esophagus

Question 4

Larynx

Answer 4

Structure
- Top of trachea
- Made of pieces of cartilage

Function:
- Produces sound (through vocal cords)

Question 5

Trachea

Answer 5

Structure
- Windpipe
- Rigid, hollow tube with cartilage rings
- Lined with Cilia

Function
- Passage for air from pharynx to bronchus
- Cilia sweeps up dirt and debris upward to pharynx

Question 6

Cartilage Rings

Answer 6

Structure
- Rings surrounding trachea

Function
- Keep trachea rigid so it doesn’t collapse when breathing

Question 7

Bronchus (s.) OR Bronchi (p.)

Answer 7

Structure
- Tube branching off from trachea
- Lined with cilia (for filtering)

Function
- Passageway from trachea to bronchioles (to each lung)

Question 8

Bronchioles

Answer 8

Structure:
- Smaller tubes branching off from bronchi

Function
- Branching allows oxygen to reach all parts of the lung

Question 9

Alveoli

Answer 9

Structure
- Tiny, hollow air sacs
- In grape-like clusters
- Surrounded by capillaries

Function
- Site of gas exchange
- Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and lungs

Question 10

Ribs

Answer 10

Structure
- “Cage” made of bone

Function
- Protects organs in the chest