🫶 Flashcards
Ionitropic channel
Nicotinic
NMDA AMPA
Glycine
GABA A
Catchecolimines
Start from tyrosine
L Dopa
Dopamine
Norepi
Epi
Glycine gated channels
Cl ion channels
Antagonist : strychnine
Which affects spinal chord spasms leading to death
Kinase
Adds phosphate
Phosphotases
Cuts phosphate
Camp pka
Adenyl cyclase
Camp
PkA (cytosol)
Phospholipase C
Pip2 broken by activated PLC
Dag activates PKC
IP3 let’s out Ca
Hebbs rule
Cells that fire together wire together
LTP
Ca in cell leads to AMPA receptor kinases that recruit more AMPA
NO can be released to make presynaptic cell more viable
Synaptic genistas
Lots of repeated Ca allow as cAMP demoendebt protein kinase to move to the nuclease and it activated Creb which then causes new axons to form
LTD
Uncoordinated ca coming in activated protien phosphotases which makes it less likely to express channels that depolarize the cell
NMDA agonists and GABA a antagonists
Picrotoxin
Which inhabce ltp
Opposite is alcholol
Which has opposite effect
Salt transduction
Sodium goes into cell
Which then depolarize and let’s more sodium in and then ca which then leads to serotonin release
Sour transduction
Similar to salt except hydrogen blacks k+ channels
Lower resting membrane potential of -85
Bitter umami sweet
Secondary messenger systems
From GPCR
External ca not required
Releases ATP as neurotransmitters
25+ bitter
1 known sweet
1 know umami
Central taste pathway
3 nerves
VII facial (anterior part and lateral tongue)
IX glossy pharyngeal (posterior 1:3)
X vagus (throat)
Then gustatory nuclease which is part of the Nucleus of the solitary tract which is in the medulla
Which will the synapse in the thalamus VPM nucleus
Which the to primary gustatory cortex in the Ãnsula
Olfactory nerve transduction
Camp activates NA and Cl
Cl weirdly has large internal concentration!
Olfactory pathway
Cranial nerve 1 goes through cribriform plate and synapses in the olfactory bulb then
It either goes directly to the olfactory cortex which is related to memory and emotion
Or more commonly goes to thalamus in the medial dorsal nucleus and then goes to the orbito frontal cortex
Primary neuron is bipolar
Some taste special
Pain receptors are used ie capsasin ginger garlic pepper and onion
Alliethesia
Slow acting stomach formed cravings or repulsion’s
