陌生词

Question 1

Mercury

Answer 1

汞

Question 2

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

Answer 2

seafood污染

Question 3

Dioxins and furans

Answer 3

二恶英和呋喃

Question 4

Toxaphene

Answer 4

农药] 毒杀芬；八氯莰烯（用作杀虫

Question 5

albacore tuna长鳍金枪鱼

Answer 5

“Light” tuna has less mercury than “white” albacore tuna

Question 6

escolar油鱼

Question 7

thiaminase硫胺素酶

Answer 7

Raw fish has thiaminase; destroys
thiamin

Question 8

abalone鲍鱼

Answer 8

Univalves (abalone)
u Single shell

Question 9

Bivalves双壳

Answer 9

oysters, clams, mussels, scallops

Question 10

Cephalopods=octopus, squid

Answer 10

Internal shell called cuttlebone墨鱼骨

Question 11

Crustaceans甲壳类=shellfish

Question 12

Prawn对虾

Answer 12

Prawn are larger in size

Question 13

Surimi生鱼片

Question 14

sucrose蔗糖=Cryoprotectants防冻剂
sorbitol山梨醇

Answer 14

Cryoprotectants added like sucrose and sorbitol to protect myofibrillar proteins
that are labile to denaturation on freezing

Question 15

Vibrio vulnificus创伤弧菌

Answer 15

Illness can come from consumption of raw
u Bacteria or viral contamination

Question 16

trimethylamine三甲胺= volatile substance

Answer 16

Spoiled fish have bacteria decompose fish tissue and produce a volatile substance
called trimethylamine can give an indication of freshness of fish

Question 17

gemplyotoxin=indigestible oil of wax esters

Answer 17

Non-toxic but has a laxative effect泻药

Question 18

Crustaceans turn pink when
cooked= crustacyanin甲壳蓝蛋白 +Astaxanthin 虾青素

Answer 18

Astaxanthin is red/orange when
free but is bluish/green when
hidden/bound，
Protein crustacyanin changes the
colour of astaxanthin by twisting or
binding the molecule and changing
how it reflects light
When heat is applied the protein chains denature and release the
astaxanthin

Question 19

Umami 鲜味

Answer 19

– (MSG, 5’-ribonucleotides, Yeast extracts) enhance sweet and
salty and reducing bitter and sour

Question 20

Kokumi – ‘mouthfulness’

Answer 20

aged, richness, ex. Slowly simmered soup,
(allium and glutathione are responsible for taste response)