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Question 1

What is the treatment for parasitic blephritis?

Answer 1

1. Manual removal of lice and nits.
2. Dilute acetic acid 2% to loosen alkaline cement.
3. Yellow oxide of mercuric ointment 1% to destroy larvae.
4. Cutting lashes may facilitate treatment.
5. Continue for 3 weeks.

Question 2

What is the etiology of angular blepharoconjunctivitis?

Answer 2

Morax Axenfield gram-negative diplobacillus produces strong proteolytic enzymes.

Question 3

What are the signs of angular blepharoconjunctivitis?

Answer 3

Hyperemic fissured macerated skin mainly at the lateral canthus and angular conjunctivitis with discharge.

Question 4

What are the complications of angular blepharoconjunctivitis?

Answer 4

Corneal ulcer.

Question 5

What is the treatment for angular blepharoconjunctivitis?

Answer 5

1. Antibiotic ointment (Tetracycline).
2. Zinc oxide or silver nitrate preparations to neutralize proteolytic enzymes.

Question 6

What is Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (meibomianitis)?

Answer 6

Keratinization of ductal epithelium and meibomian gland orifices plugs ducts, causing dilation and cystic changes in glands.

Question 7

What contributes to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction?

Answer 7

Microbial lipases from Corynebacterium acne and other bacteria produce irritating fatty acids that alter tear film stability.

Question 8

What are the symptoms of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction?

Answer 8

Redness and intense burning in the morning that improves during the day with slight continuous discharge.

Question 9

What are the signs of meibomianitis?

Answer 9

Bilateral, prolonged, posterior eyelid margin inflammation, meibomian gland inspissation and occlusion with pouting of the orifices, thick yellowish oil can be expressed from meibomian glands, froth on the lid margins, and irritative conjunctival injection.

Question 10

What complications can arise from meibomianitis?

Answer 10

Patients may develop an acute infection of an occluded meibomian gland (internal hordeolum) or a prolonged obstruction with lipogranulomatous formation (chalazia).

Question 11

What is the treatment for meibomianitis?

Answer 11

1. Periodic expression of meibomian glands. 2. Oral tetracycline or doxycycline are effective in improving the oily products of the meibomian gland. 3. Treatment of any associated conjunctivitis.