مصطلحات التشابتر الاول والثاني Flashcards

1
Q

is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

is anything that occupies space and had mass.

A

Matter

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3
Q

is a form of matter that has definite
composition and distinct properties.

A

Substance

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4
Q

is a combination if two or more substance in which the substances retain their distinct identities.

A

Mixture

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5
Q

composition of the mixture is the same throughout.

A

Homogenous mixture

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6
Q

composition is not uniform throughout.

A

Heterogeneous mixture

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7
Q

can be used to separate a mixture into its pure components without changing the identities of the
components.

A

Physical means



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8
Q

is a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.

A

Element

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9
Q

is a substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions.

A

Compound

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10
Q

can be measured and observed without changing the composition or identity of a substance.

A

Physical property

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11
Q

is a property that requires carrying out a chemical change in order to be observed.

A

Chemical property

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12
Q

does not alter the composition or identity of a substance.

A

Physical change

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13
Q

alters the composition or identity of the substance(s) involved.

A

Chemical change

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14
Q

a material depends on how much matter is being considered.

A

Extensive property

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15
Q

a material does not depend upon how much matter is being considered.

A

Intensive property

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16
Q

international system of units.

A

SI

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17
Q

SI derived unit for it is cubic meter (m3).

A

Volume

18
Q

SI derived unit for it is the kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3).

A

Density

19
Q

are composed of atoms of more than one element.

A

Compound

20
Q

is the basic unit of an element that can enter into
chemical combination

A

Atom

21
Q

number of protons in nucleus

A

Atomic number (Z)

22
Q

number of protons + number of neutrons
= atomic number (Z) + number of neutrons

A

Mass number (A)

23
Q

are atoms of the same element (X) with different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei

A

Isotopes

24
Q

noble gases exists as single atoms

A

monoatomic

25
Q

is an aggregate of two or more atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical forces

A

Molecule

26
Q

contains only two atoms

A

diatomic molecule

27
Q

contains more than two atoms

A

polyatomic molecule

28
Q

is an atom, or group of atoms, that has a net positive or negative charge.

A

Ion

29
Q

ion with a positive charge, loses one or more electrons

A

Cation

30
Q

ion with a negative charge, gains one or more electrons

A

Anion

31
Q

contains only one atom

A

Monatomic ion

32
Q

contains more than one atom

A

polyatomic ion

33
Q

shows the exact number of atoms of each element in the smallest unit of a substance

A

Molecular formula

34
Q

shows the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a substance

A

Empirical formula

35
Q

consist of a combination of cations and an anions

A

ionic compounds

36
Q

Indicate charge on metal with Roman numerals (I, II, III, ..)

A

Transition metal ionic compounds

37
Q

a substance that yields hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.

A

Acid

38
Q

acid that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and another element.

A

Oxoacid

39
Q

a substance that yields hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.

A

Base

40
Q

are compounds that have a specific number of water molecules attached to them.

A

Hydrates