اسئلة عشوائية لتشابتر الثاني Flashcards
All atoms of a given element are…
Identical, same size mass and chemical properties
Atoms are electrically…
Neutral
Metals
- good conductors of heat and electricity
- occupy most of the table
Nonmetal
- not good conductors of heat and electricity
- only 17 elements
Metalloid
- Intermediate between metals and nonmetals
- only 8 element
The formula is usually the same as the…
Empirical formula
The sum of the charges on the cation and anion must equal
Zero
The most reactive metals and most reactive nonmetals form
Ionic compound
Ionic compounds rule
– Often a metal + nonmetal
– Anion (nonmetal), add “-ide” to element name
If transition metals can form more than one type of cations we use
-ic
If transition metals can form more than one type of cations we use … for lower charge
-ous
If transition metals can form more than one type of cations we use… for higher charge
-ic
Molecular compounds are usually composed of
Nonmetallic elements
Many molecular compounds are
Binary compounds
Naming binary molecular compounds is similar to naming
binary ionic compounds
The second element in MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS get named by adding ……. To the end
-ide
Mono- means
1
Di- means
2
Tri- means
3
For oxides the ending “a” in the prefix is sometimes
Omitted
The prefix “mono-” may be omitted for
the first element.
The two types of compounds
Ionic and molecular
The cation is either
Metal or NH4^+
The molecular compound is
Binary compounds of nonmetals
When cation has only ONE charge
- Alkali metal cation
- Alkaline earth metal cation
When cation has MORE than one charge
Other metal cation
Anions whose names end in “-ide” forms acid with a
“Hydro-“ prefix and an “-ic” ending
Hydrogen + element + oxygen
Oxoacids
Two or more oxoacids have the same central atom but a different number of O atoms; the following rules to name these compounds.
- Additional of one O atom to the “-ic” acid
- Removal of one O atom from the “-ic” acid
- Removal of two O atoms from the “-ic” acid
The rules for naming oxoanions, anions of oxoacids, are as follows:
- When all the H ions are removed from the “-ic” acid, the anion’s name ends with “-ate.”
- When all the H ions are removed from the “-ous” acid, the anion’s name ends with “-ite.”
- The names of anions in which one or more but not all the hydrogen ions have been removed must indicate the number of H ions present.
parent acid for all halogenic acids is:
HxO3
The removal of ALL H+ ions from oxoacid is
Oxoanion
Elements + OH
Base
H2O is
Water
NaHCO3 is
Baking soda
