Zoonoses Flashcards
1
Q
Zoonosis
A
Infections that can pass between living animals (source of disease) and humans
2
Q
Pathogen survival
A
Chronic infection
Non-human reservoir
3
Q
Bacterial zoonoses
A
Salmonella Campylobacter Toxoplasma Psittacosis Q fever Ringworm/dermatophytosis
4
Q
Viral zoonoses
A
Rabies Avian influenza CCHF Ebola Lassa fever Rift Valley, West Nile fever Yellow fever
5
Q
Parasitic zoonoses
A
Cysticercosis Echinococcosis Toxoplasmosis Trichinellosis Visceral larva migrans
6
Q
Fungal zoonoses
A
Dermatophytosis
Sporotrichosis
7
Q
Prion zoonoses
A
BSE/CJDv
8
Q
Rabies
A
- Viral infection transmitted from bite of infected animal (dog)
- Travels to brain via peripheral nerves
- Incubation period 2 weeks to several months
- Acute encephalitis (malaise, headache, fever)
- Death by respiratory failure
- Diagnosis: PCR (saliva/CSF)
- Post exposure prophylaxis: HRIG, infiltration around area and vaccination
9
Q
Brucellosis
A
- Gram -ve coccobacilli
- Melitensis (main species): goats, sheep
- Milking, parturition, handling carcasses, unpasteurised dairy product consumption
- Incubation period: 5-30 days
- High ‘undulant’ fever, weakness, headaches, splenomegaly
- Long acting doxycycline, rifampicin and IM gentamicin
10
Q
Leptospirosis
A
- Spirochaetes
- Direct contact with animal (cattle, rats), environment (urine in water)
- Incubation period: 2-30 days
- Systemic illness: fever, myalgia, headaches
- Microscopic Agglutination Test, ELISA, PCR, culture
- Doxycycline (mild), IV penicillin (severe)
11
Q
Lyme Borrelios
A
- Spirochaete found in wild deer
- Vector: tick
- Erythema migrans
- Acrodermatitis chronic atroficans (ACA): discolouration of distal extensors
- Lymphocytoma: bluish solitary nodule on ear
- Neuroborreliosis: CNVII palsy, radicular pain, lymphocytic meningitis
- Serology (blood/CSF) titres, PCR
- Doxycyline, amoxicillin or IV ceftrixone (cephalosporin)
