Zoonoses

Question 1

Post-BBQ chicken
Oxidase positive
Corkscrew appearance
Abdominal cramps + diarrhoea

Answer 1

Campylobacter

Question 2

Cattle + goats
Unpasteurised milk / dairy from farm
Undulant non-specific fever, back pain w/ focal abscesses (e.g. psoas, liver)
Castaneda medium blood culture

Answer 2

Brucellosis (think of as old man Bruce sweating as he walks around sweating with a stick due to back pain)

Question 3

Poultry + amphibians
2 human pathogens not self-limiting
Enteric fever
Rose spots

Answer 3

Salmonella

Question 4

Cattle worker
Atypical pneumonia
Q fever

Answer 4

Coxiella burnetti

Question 5

Ebola (bats), Lassa (rats)

Non-specific fever, myalgia, flu, bleeding

Answer 5

Viral haemorrhagic fever

Question 6

Bite lick or scratch from cat
Pussy macule > tender and swollen LNs with headache and backache
Bacilliary angiomatosis is severe form

Answer 6

Bartonella henselae

Cat scratch disease

Question 7

Dog or bat scratch / bite
Migrates to CNS
Encephalitis, hydrophobia, muscle spasm, seizure, salivation
Cerebral Negri bodies

Answer 7

Rabies

Question 8

Swimming / water sports in contaminated water or sewage worker
Swimming in Lake Malawi
High spiking temperature
Haemolytic anaemia
Microscopic agglutination test

Answer 8

Leptospirosis

Question 9

Small wild rodents in North and South America
Bite mark, maculopapular rash on trunk
Invade endothelium > vasculitis

Answer 9

Rickettsia

Rocky mountain spotted fever

Question 10

Ixodes tick
Prairie regions of Canada
Target rash (Erythema chronicum migrans - ECM) followed by neurological symptoms several weaks later
Spirochaete

Answer 10

Borrelia burgdorferi

Lyme disease

Question 11

Severe pneumonia
Birds
Cytoplasmic inclusions on Giemsa

Answer 11

Chalmydia psittacosis

Question 12

Painless round black lesions with ring of oedema

Answer 12

Bacillus anthracis

Anthrax

Question 13

Swollen LN (bubo)
Dry gangrene
Flea bite

Answer 13

Yersinia pestis

Bubonic plague

Question 14

Sandfly bite in Africa, America, Middle East

a) Itchy red papule > ulcerates > depigmented scar; Novy MacNeal Nicolle medium
b) Disfiguring facial lesions; years later - ulcers in nose + mouth
c) Immunodeficiency; lots of skin nodules, DO NOT ulcerate
d) Immunocompromised people (HIV). Parasites multiply in spleen (fever, splenomegaly) = can be mistaken for malaria; disfiguring dermal disease (PKDL) can also occur - warty lesions, hyperpigmentation

Answer 14

Leishmaniasis

a) Cutaneous leishmaniasis (L major, L tropica)
b) Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (L braziliensis)
c) Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis
d) Visceral leishmaniasis ‘Kala Azar’ (L donovani, L infantum)

Question 15

Cats
Neonate - intracranial calcification + hydrocephalus
Neurological changes
Characteristic ring-enhancing lesions on CT scan (Os)

Answer 15

TOxOplasmOsis

Question 16

Tsetse fly
Red nodule (chagoma) at bite site
Acute - non-specific symptoms (tired, leg pain, non-pitting oedema) + purple eyelid swelling (Romana’s sign)
Chronic - dilatation + dysfunction of heart, colon + oesophagus

Answer 16

Trypanosomiasis (Chagas aka ‘Kissing bug’ disease)
Trypanosoma cruzi

Acute - ‘Tom Cruise in a gladiator film as a Roman wearing purple sunglasses’
Chronic - dilatation + dysfunction of 3 major organs - heart (DCM = arrhythmias), colon (megacolon = constipation), oesophagus (mega oesophagus = dysphagia)