Zoology Shark Flashcards
Ampullae of Lorenzi- location and function
Detect electromagnetic fields for close detection of prey; dorsal and ventral surfaces of rostrum, several sets of small pores
Location of anterior dorsal fin
Middle upper of shark, has spine stump on dissected sharks
Bile duct- location, facts about bile
In lesser omentum, runs to duodenum from gallbladder; bile is produced in liver, stored in gallbladder; emulsifies fats for absorption by digestive system.
Cardiac stomach- location, description, internal folds and functions of those folds
After esophagus, digestive begins here. Rugae expand and contract to mix ingested food with digestive enzymes and to break food into smaller pieces.
Caudal fin- location and shape
Posterior fin, heterocercal-lobes of fin are unequal in size
Clasper- location, description, significance
Two large spine-like features along inside edge of pelvic fins; transfer sperm during copulation
Cloaca-location and function
Hole located between the pelvic fins, removal of feces from digestive tract, kidneys, gonads
Dorsal mesentery
Connects organs to dorsal side of the body cavity
Endolympatic pores
Between spiracles, carry water into the semicircular canals
Fusiform
Tapered from anterior to posterior end
Gallbladder
Curvy “L” along one side and the bottom of the median lobe of the liver, often green, thinner than liver, stores bile
Gill slits
Behind and lateral to the mouth, water exits through gill slits
Heterocercal
Caudal fin, lobes are unequal in size
Acousticolateralis system
Lateral line(mechanoreception)and semicircular canals(spatial orientation) Lateral line-dorsal to gill slits to the caudal fin
ileum=spiral intestine
Nutrient absorption, spiral valve increases food retention time and efficiency of nutrient assimilation
Lateral line
Dorsal to gill slits along side until the caudal fine;mechanoreception in acousticolateralis system
Lesser omentum
Mesentery connected to median lobe and running posterior toward ventral pancreas, contains bile duct, hepatic artery, and hepatic portal vein
Liver
Production of bile, increase shark’s buoyancy(stores oil), detoxifies blood from digestive system; 3 gray oily lobes at the anterior end of digestive system
Mouth
Located on the ventral side of the head, rows of sharp teeth
Nare
Ventral side, anterior to eyes; olfaction ???
Pancreas, dorsal and ventral lobes
Ventral-on top of duodenum
Dorsal-under pyloric stomach and duodenum;
Both produce digestive enzymes
Pectoral fin
Anterior set of fins along ventral surface; posterior to gill slits
Pelvic fin
Posterior set of fins along ventral surface
Type of scales
Placoid scales
Posterior dorsal fin
Dorsal fin immediately before caudal fin
Pyloric stomach
J shaped, smoother less muscular stomach; digestion and storage of food, at the end of cardiac stomach
Rectal gland
Near spiral intestine, finger shaped, balances sodium chloride concentration of the blood
Rostrum
Pointed snout at anterior end
Rugae
folds in cardiac stomach, expand and contract to mix ingested food with digestive enzymes and to break food into smaller pieces
Semicircular canals
Detect spatial orientation
Spine
Located on leading edge of anterior and posterior dorsal fins
Spiracle
Posterior to eyes on dorsal side, bring in water that passes across gills
Spiral intestine
Nutrient absorption, spiral valve increases food retention time and efficiency of nutrient assimilation; at the end of duodenum
Spiral valve
Corkscrew-shaped, food circles around in this to increase food retention time for efficiency of nutrient absorption
Spleen
Posterior to pyloric stomach; maintains shark’s red blood cells-stores blood, makes new blood cells, breaks down old red blood cells
