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Zoology > Zoology Exam > Flashcards

Zoology Exam Flashcards

1
Q

A cross between individuals both homozygous for two genes?

A

Dihybrid Cross

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2
Q

The alleles present in an individual

A

Genotype

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3
Q

The allele that is not expressed in the heterozygote?

A

Recessive

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4
Q

The sequence of bases in one stand of DNA specifies the sequence of the opposite strand?

A

Complimentary

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5
Q

Visible or expressed characteristics?

A

Phenotype

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6
Q

When two different alleles are present

A

Phenotype

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7
Q

A cross between the homozygous recessive with those that show the dominant phenotype

A

Testcross

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8
Q

Alleles with one gene separate into gametes randomly with respect to alleles of other genes

A

Independent Assortment

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9
Q

Strands of DNA run in opposite directions

A

Anti paraelle

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10
Q

Alleles of a gene are separated into different gametes

A

Segregation

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11
Q

Alternative form of a gene

A

Alleles

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12
Q

When one allele is not dominant to the other, but they are equal

A

Incomplete Dominance

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13
Q

When both alleles are the same

A

Homozygous

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14
Q

A cross between individuals both homozygous for one gene

A

Mono hybrid cross

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15
Q

All chromosomes besides sex chromosomes

A

Autosomes

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16
Q

The allele that is expressed when present

A

Dominant

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17
Q

Inner germ layer

A

Endoderm

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18
Q

Outer derm later

A

Exoderm

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19
Q

Individuals are both male and female

A

Monoecious

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20
Q

Eggs retained for development, nourishment derived from yolk within the egg

A

Ovoviviparous

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21
Q

Body cavity surrounded by mesoderm

A

Coelom

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22
Q

Differentiated mass of cells, forms invagination

A

Gastrula

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23
Q

3rd germ layer, between inner and outer

A

Mesoderm

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24
Q

Animals with only 2 germ layers

A

Diplosblastic

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25
Q

Eggs retained for development, nourishment derived directly from the mother

A

Viviparous

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26
Q

Mass of cells formed from the zygote dividing by mitosis?

A

Blastula

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27
Q

Individuals are either male or female

A

Dioecious

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28
Q

An animal that lays eggs in the environment for development?

A

Oviparous

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29
Q

Body cavity surrounded by endoderm

A

Gut

30
Q

List the 4 phases of mitosis in the order they occur?

A

P.M.A.T

31
Q

Is mitosis asexual or sexual?

A

Asexual

32
Q

Is meiosis sexual or asexual?

A

Sexual

33
Q

Meiosis results in how many daughter cells?

A

FOUR

34
Q

What are the daughter cells, which are sex cells, called?

A

Gametes

35
Q

What do daughter cells transmit from parent to offspring?

A

Genetic info

36
Q

Chromosomes share a common feature, what is this common feature?

A

Pairs

37
Q

In meiosis, how many times does the cell replicate?

A

Once

38
Q

What phase does crossing-over occur in?

A

Prophase 1

39
Q

In Metaphase 2 Meiosis or metaphase mitosis do are they lined up in a line or 2 and 2

A

In a line

40
Q

What are the sex chromosomes of a female?

A

X

41
Q

What are the sex chromosomes of a male?

A

Xy

42
Q

Female gametes have which possible sex chromosome?

A

X

43
Q

Male gametes (sperm) have which possible sex chromosomes?

A

X or Y

44
Q

The visible expressed characteristics?

A

Phenotype

45
Q

The allelic combination or what the alleles are present?

A

Genotype

46
Q

Describes the allele that is expressed when it is present?

A

Dominant

47
Q

Describe the allele that is not expressed unless both alleles are the same?

A

Recessive

48
Q

Describe when both alleles are the same?

A

Homozygous

49
Q

Describe when the alleles are different?

A

Heterozygous

50
Q

A cross between individuals both homozygous for ONE gene is

A

Monohybrid Cross

51
Q

A cross between individuals both homozygous for TWO genes is

A

A dihybrid cross

52
Q

How many genes are involved in a dihybrid cross?

A

4

53
Q

Genes that are sex-linked are located on which sex chromosome?

A

X Chromosomes

54
Q

What is the process in which DNA is used to make mRNA?

A

Transcription

55
Q

What is the process in which mRNA is used to make proteins?

A

Translation

56
Q

What type of RNA has the antibodon, and attaches the amino acids together during translation?

A

tRNA

57
Q

Which type of reproduction involves one parent, requires no reproductive organs or cells and produces a genetically identical offspring?

A

Asexual

58
Q

What is a genetically identical offspring called?

A

Clone

59
Q

A multi-cellular organism breaks apart, and each piece grows new parts and forms a new indiviual?

A

Fragmentation

60
Q

A new individual arises as an outgrowth from the parent

A

Budding

61
Q

The body of the a parent divides by mitosis?

A

Fision

62
Q

If the individuals of a species have bothe male and female sex organs, the species is what

A

Monoecious

63
Q

Genes that are located on the C chromosome and not he Y are said to be what?

A

Sex-linked genes

64
Q

What is the phenotypic ratio of the f2 generation of a monohybrid cross?

A

3:1

65
Q

What is the genotypic ration of the f2 generation of a monohybrid cross?

A

1:2:1

66
Q

If one allele is not dominant to the other and a cross between the two gives rise to a different pehnotype, the alleles are showing what?

A

incomplete dominance

67
Q

Chromarids seperate and move to opposite poles

A

Anaphase

68
Q

The cells begins to divide

A

Telophase

69
Q

The centrioles replicate and move to opposite poles, the nuclear envelope disappears, and the chromosomes become visible

A

Prophase

70
Q

What are the alternative forms of genes that code for the same trait occus on homologous chromosomes called?

A

Alleles

71
Q

When a pair of gamates unite in fertilixation, the newly formed cells, which is diploid, is called what?

A

Zygote

Zoology (2 decks)

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