Zoological Nomenclature II Flashcards
What is a Holotype?
A single specimen upon which the description and name of a new species is based.
What is a Paratype?
Each specimen of a type series other than the holotype. It’s the additional material cited in the description of the species, there’s commonly multiple paratypes.
What is a Syntype?
Each specimen of a type series from which neither a holotype nor a lectotype has been designated. The syntypes collectively constitute the name-bearing type. One of several elements cited in the original description.
What is a Lectotype?
A type chosen among a selection of candidates (i.e. selection of syntypes) chosen at a later date. It is a name bearing type.
What is a Paralectotype?
A paralectotype is any additional specimen from among a set of syntypes, after a lectotype has been designated from among them. These are not name-bearing types
What is a Neotype?
A neotype is a specimen later selected to serve as the single type specimen when an original holotype has been lost or destroyed or where the original author never cited a specimen.
What is a Homonym?
2 or more genera in Animalia with the same name and where 2 or more species level names that are identical* that are created in the same genus (primary) or come together in the same genus (secondary).
What happens if there a nomenclature problem?
Where there is a problem, a case can be published in BZN. Comments are produced in response. The comission votes on it and gives an opinion.
What is the tradeoff between stability versus priority?
In accordance with the objects of the Code the Principle of Priority is to be used to promote stability and it is not intended to be used to upset a long-accepted name in its accustomed meaning by the introduction of a name that is its senior synonym or homonym.
What must happen when establishing ichnotaxa?
When establishing an ichnotaxon, the new name is followed by e.g. igen. et isp. nov (Ichnotaxon = fossilised work of an organism).
