Zimbardo standford prison experiment

Question 1

Experiment designe of Zimbardo study

Answer 1

Guards made their rules/ Prisoners were unexpectedly picked up from their homes, handcuffed and searched/experiment was supposed to last two weeks

Question 2

Results of zimbardo study

Answer 2

Stopped after 6 days/ guards could no longer distinguish between their roles and real life, becoming sadistic/ prisoners showed signes of extreme stress

Question 3

De individuation

Answer 3

the loss of personal identity that occurs
when we are in certain situations that increase our anonymity/ our behaviour becomes less constrained by social norms

Question 4

Dodd 1985 technique for demonstrating de individualisation

Answer 4

To demonstrate de individuation/ 229 undergraduate psych students asked “ if you could do anything humanly possible with complete assurance that you would not be detected or held responsible, what would you do?”

Question 5

Results of dodd 1985

Answer 5

36% were anti social responses and 26% were criminal

Question 6

Ethical issues of zinbardo study

Answer 6

Potential biases in participant selection/ demand characteristics/ informed consent

Question 7

Social cognition

Answer 7

study of how human beings think about
their social world: how they select, interpret, remember, and use information to make judgments and decisions

Question 8

Types of social cognition

Answer 8

Automatic: nonconscious, involuntary
Controlled: intentional, voluntary

Question 9

Automatic thinking

Answer 9

Automatic thinking helps us understand new situations by relating them to our prior experiences- schemas organise our knowledge

Question 10

Schemas

Answer 10

Schemas are mental structures that organize our knowledge about the social world

Question 11

Accessibility

Answer 11

the extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of the mind and are therefore likely to be used when making judgments about the social world

Question 12

Three reasons for schema accessibility

Answer 12

1) some schemas are chronically accessible because of past experience. ( Chen and Anderson 1999).
2) schemas can be accessible when they are related to a current goal ( Eitam & Higgins 2020)
3) because of our recent experience

Question 13

Two things effecting schemas

Answer 13

1) accesiblity
2) priming

Question 14

Priming

Answer 14

Priming is the presentation of a stimulus that activates a concept in memory

Question 15

Types of priming

Answer 15

1) positive/ negative
2) semantic
3)Associative

Question 16

Positive and negative priming

Answer 16

Processing speed - positive speeds up memory retrieval

Question 17

Semantic priming

Answer 17

involves words that are associated in a logical or linguistic way

Question 18

Associative priming

Answer 18

Involves using two stimuli that are normally associated with one
another.

Question 19

THE EFFECT OF PRIMING WITH A LOVE CONCEPT ON BLOOD DONATION PROMISE
Charles-Sire et al., (2014)

Answer 19

Charles-Sire et al., (2014) participants were primed with the concept of love and solicied to promise blood to the French National Blood Bank.

Question 20

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Answer 20

People have an expectation about what another person is like, which influences how they act toward that person, which causes that person to behave consistently with people’s original expectations, making the expectations come true.

Question 21

Cultural differences of social cognition

Answer 21

Nisbett and colleagues found that people who grow up in Western cultures have an analytic thinking style while east asians have holistic thinking

Question 22

Counterfactual thinking

Answer 22

Mentally changing some aspect of the past as a way of imagining what might have been