zero to finals conditions

Question 1

what is otosclerosis

Answer 1

fixation of bones in the middle ear leading to conductive hearing loss

Question 2

what type of pitch does otosclerosis effect

Answer 2

lower pitched sounds

Question 3

most common bacteria associated with otitis media

Answer 3

strep.pneumonia

Question 4

pathophysiology of BPPV

Answer 4

calcium in the semi-circular canals. The crystals effect the flow of endolymph and head movements cause movement of it and causes vertigo

Question 5

what is vestibular neuronitis

Answer 5

inflammation of vestibular nerve

Question 6

do you get hearing loss with vestibular neuronitis

Answer 6

no just vertigo

Question 7

what is labyrinthitis

Answer 7

Labyrinthitis refers to inflammation of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear, including the semicircular canals, vestibule (middle section) and cochlea. The inflammation is usually attributed to a viral upper respiratory tract infection.

Question 8

symptoms of labyrinthitis

Answer 8

vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus

Question 9

what is menieres disease

Answer 9

effects the inner ear due to impairment of endolymph absorption

Question 10

Ménière’s disease triad

Answer 10

Vertigo, Sensioneural hearing loss, tinnitus

Question 11

what is quinsy

Answer 11

Quinsy is the common name for a peritonsillar abscess. Arises when there is trapped pus caused by a bacterial infection causing an abscess

Question 12

what bacteria causes quinsy

Answer 12

strep.pyogenes (group A strep)

Question 13

management of quinsy

Answer 13

Surgical drain to remove pus
steriods to reduce inflammation

Question 14

what bacterial causes bacterial tonsilitis

Answer 14

group A strep treated with penicillin V

Question 15

how do you determine if tonsilitis is bacterial

Answer 15

centor score- more than 3 suggests bacteria

Fever over 38ºC
Tonsillar exudates
Absence of cough
Tender anterior cervical lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy)

Question 16

what is leukoplakia

Answer 16

white patches in the mouth

Question 17

what is erythoplakia

Answer 17

red patches in the mouth

Question 18

what is gingivitis

Answer 18

inflammation of the gums

Question 19

what is glossitis

Answer 19

inflammation of the tongue. papillae shrink

Question 20

what causes glossitis

Answer 20

iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, coeliac disease

Question 21

causes of strawberry tongue

Answer 21

scarlet fever

Question 22

what is cholesteatoma

Answer 22

Cholesteatoma is an abnormal collection of squamous epithelial cells in the middle ear.

Question 23

what causes cholesteatoma

Answer 23

The main theory is that negative pressure in the middle ear, caused by Eustachian tube dysfunction,

Question 24

presentation of cholesteatoma

Answer 24

foul smelling discharge out of ear, unilateral conductive hearing loss