Zeh Drugz

Question 1

Statins

Answer 1

Cholesterol lowering drug. Inhibits HMGCoA reductase and increases # of LDL receptors on liver.
LDL decreases

Question 2

Ezetimibe

Answer 2

Cholesterol lowering drug. Reduces the small intestinal enterocyte uptake and absorption of cholesterol by binding to Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1). LDL decreases

Question 3

Nicotinic acid

Answer 3

Cholesterol lowering drug. Inhibits the mobilization of free fatty acids (FFA) from peripheral adipose tissue to the liver.
LDL decreases

Question 4

Bile acid

Sequestrants (resins)

Answer 4

Cholesterol lowering drug. Depletes the bile acid pool and disrupts the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, thus, increasing the synthesis of bile acids from cholesterol.
LDL decreases

Question 5

Fibrates

Answer 5

Cholesterol lowering drug. Binds to the nuclear transcription receptor, PPAR- and upregulate the transcription of LPL, apo A-1 and apo A-II and downregulate transcription of apo C-III, an inhibitor of lipolysis.
VLDL decrease and HDL increase

Question 6

PCSK9 monoclonal antibody

Answer 6

Cholesterol lowering drug. Antibodies reduces the degradation of LDL receptors and increases the clearance of LDL cholesterol by binding to PCSK9. LDL decreases

Question 7

Acarbose

Answer 7

Drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Inhibition of alpha-glucosidases.

Question 8

Sulfonylureas (gliburide)

Answer 8

Drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Stimulation of insulin release; Reduction of serum glucagon levels; augmentation of insulin signaling.

Question 9

Biguanides (metformin)

Answer 9

Drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Inhibits gluconeogenesis

Question 10

Incretins-DPP-4 inhibitors (Januvia)

Answer 10

Drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Stimulate ß-cell release of insulin.

Question 11

SGLT2 inhibitors

Answer 11

Drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Decrease reabsorption of glucose from kidneys.

Question 12

Thiazolidinedione (Avandia)

Answer 12

Drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Activates PPAR-gamma: increase insulin sensitivity of the adipose tissue

Question 13

Azaserine, 6-
diazooxonorleucine
(DON)

Answer 13

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Potent inhibitors of purine nucleotide synthesis by irreversibly
inhibiting the enzyme PRPP-amido-transferase

Question 14

Methotrexate and

Aminopterin

Answer 14

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Inhibitors of mammalian dihydrofolate reductase. Inhibits
purine and thymidylate synthesis.

Question 15

Trimethoprim

Answer 15

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase.

Question 16

Sulfanamides

Answer 16

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Competitively inhibit synthesis of folic acid in bacteria.

Question 17

Bactrim:
sulfamethoxazole
and trimethoprim

Answer 17

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Mixture of the 2 drugs.

Question 18

Ribavirin

Answer 18

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Antiviral used to treat hepatitis C, inhibits IMP dehydrogenase
thereby depleting intracellular pools of guanine nucleotides.

Question 19

Mycophenolic

Acid

Answer 19

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Blocks T and B cells of nucleotides.
Used as an immunosuppresant to prevent graft rejection
(renal transplants).

Question 20

Allopurinol

Answer 20

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Xanthine oxidase inhibitor, used for gout treatment.

Question 21

Oxypurinol

Answer 21

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Xanthine oxidase inhibitor, used for gout treatment.

Question 22

Hydroxyurea

Answer 22

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase. Used in cancer treatment.

Question 23

5-Fluorouracil

Answer 23

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Inhibits thymidylate synthase.

Question 24

Acyclovir

Answer 24

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Activated by viral thymidine kinase. DNA chain terminator by
viral thymidine kinase.

Question 25

Sovaldi

Answer 25

Drugs targeting nucleotide metabolism. Used for the treatment of HepC. Uridine analog. Obligate chain
terminator.