Zangfu Flashcards
What are the 10 types of Chinese Pattern Discrimination?
- Eight principles pattern discrimination
- Five phases pattern discrimination
- Qi and Blood “ “
- Fluid and Humour “ “
- Viscera and Bowel “ “
- Channel and Network Vessel “ “
- Disease cause “ “
- Six Divisions “ “
- Four Divisions “ “
- Three Burners “ “
What are the eight methods of treating?
- sweating
- ejecting/vomiting
- Precipitation/Downward draining
- Clearing
- Dispersing/Reducing
- Harmonizing
- Warming
- Tonifying
What is meant by sweating (han fu)?
usually part of “Jie Biao” or “resolve exterior” meaning to free the exterior of evils
How do you induce sweating?
dispersing the Lung qi, regulating interaction between Ying and Wei, open the pores to release obstruction and pathogenic influences
What is Ejecting (tu fu)?
inducing vomiting or coughing in order to eject evils or obstruction; vomiting to remove food stagnation, etc.; coughing to clear the throat or Lung of phlegm
What is Precipitation (xia fa)?
Inducing of defecation in order to purge or expel repletion evils or accumulations
Why use Precipitation?
purge heat accumulations, warm the yang and guide out accumulations, moisten the intestines and unblock bowels, drive out excess water
What is clearing (qing fa)?
method used to address heat; clear heat and drain fire to eliminate heat
What could Clearing (qing fa) also indicate?
“cooling dryness” or eliminating warm dryness in Warm disease
What are examples of when to use Clearing method?
Clear heat from Qi level, Clear heat from Ying and Cool Blood, Clear heat from organs, Clear heat and relieve toxicity
When is dispersing (xiao fa) applied?
applied to break up clumping or accumulations in the body
What are some examples of when Dispersing (xiao fa) is used?
Qi stagnation, static blood, concretions, conglomerations, lump glomus, food accumulations, edema, calculi, phlegm nodules, abscess, parasites, etc.
When is harmonizing (he fa) applied?
applied in order to adjust or regulate functions within the body; re-establish correct relationships between levels or organs (harmonize Ying and Wei; Lr and Sp; Ht and Kd,etc)
What is Warming (wen fa)?
use of hot or warm medicine to address cold conditions
What is the function of Warming (wen fa) method?
warms and opens channels, removes cold from channels and facilitates movement, restoring function of Yang qi, warm channels and disperse cold, warm middle and disperse cold, return or rescue yang qi
What is Tonifying (bu fu)?
most generic term for the technique of treating vacuity
What are the Eight Principles?
Exterior, Interior, Hot, Cold, Repletion, Vacuity, Yang, Yin
What does Exterior/Interior describe?
location of disease
What does Heat/Cold describe?
Nature of disease, what affectations can be expected, clarifies the indication of cooling or warming therapies or medicinals
What does repletion/vacuity describe?
the relative strength of the Right qi
In a repletion condition the focus of the treatment will be on _______ pathogenic qi
dispelling or draining
In a vacuity condition the focus will be on _______ the Right Qi.
restoring or supplementing
What does Yin/Yang describe?
they are general principles that describe relationships, typically used to classify or compare the other six principles
Yin typically describes…
Interior, Cold, Vacuity, Dampness
Yang typically describes…..
Exterior, Heat, Repletion, Wind
What are combined patterns?
combinations of two or more of the unpaired principles or the principles of Exterior vs. Interior
What are some examples of combined patterns?
Exterior + Cold; Interior + Heat; Repletion + Heat; Vacuity + Cold; Interior Heat with Exterior Cold
What are conversion patterns?
refer to the change of a pattern displaying qualities of one principle into a pattern displaying qualities of its opposite
What are some examples of conversion patterns?
Cold turning into heat, Exterior turning into Interior, Vacuity turning into repletion
What are complex patterns?
those which simultaneously display signs of both Cold and Heat together or Repletion and Vacuity together
Is simultaneous appearance of Interior and Exterior symptoms is considered a complex pattern?
No, it is considered a combined pattern
Exterior patterns are generally at the level of the….
body hair, skin, flesh, or superficial channels
Exterior patterns usually indicate that a disease is in…..
the initial stages and/or relatively mild
Why are there often Lung symptoms with Exterior patterns?
Lung rules the exterior and wei qi.
What is the general presentation of Exterior patterns?
relatively acute onset, aversion to cold and/or wind, fever, headache, pain in the limbs or joints, floating pulse
What are the four types of Exterior Patterns?
Exterior Cold, Exterior Heat, Exterior Repletion, Exterior Vacuity
Signs of Exterior Cold
more chills than fever (aversion to cold or wind), often with body aches; in particular of the head, neck and shoulders; typically lack of sweating; stuffiness of the nose with thin, white or clear discharge; thin white tongue coat; floating and tight pulse
Signs of Exterior Heat
Fever more pronounced than chills; possible body aches; in partcular severe headache and/or sore throat; may have sweats; yellow or green nasal discharge or sputum; slight thirst; thin yellow tongue coat; floating and rapid pulse
Exterior Repletion or Vacuity describe…
the state of the wei qi
Exterior Repletion is characterized by….
lack of sweating and tight pulse due to contraction/obstruction of the Cou Li “interstices” (usually by Cold)
Exterior Vacuity is characterized by…
sweating which still fails to release the pathogen and a Floating and Forceless (or Moderate) pulse due to underlying vacuity leading to disharmony between ying qi and wei qi
What does Jie Biao mean?
Resolving the Exterior
What is the classical treatment to release pathogens from the exterior?
Han Fa or Sweating
What does Shu Biao mean?
coursing the exterior usually involves milder sweating
What is diaphoresis induced with?
Acrid Flavors
What type of herbs release Exterior Cold?
Acrid-warm
ma huang
“hemp yellow” is an acrid-warm herb
zi su ye
“perilla leaf” is an acrid-warm herb
jing jie
is an acrid-warm herb
qiang huo
is an acrid-warm herb
ma huang tang
“ephedra Decoction” is a formula for releasing Exterior Cold
jing fang bai du san
“Schizonepeta and Ledebouriella Powder to Overcome Pathogenic Influences” is a formula for releasing Exterior Cold
Exterior Heat is released with…
Acrid-Cold effusing herbs
bo he
Herba Menthae Haplocalycis is an acrid-cold herb
sang ye
folium mori albae is an acrid-cold herb
niu bang zi
“cattle burdock” fructus Arctii Lappae is an acrid-cold herb
yin qiao san
“honeysuckle and Forsythia Powder” is a formula for releasing Exterior Heat
sang ju yin
“Mulberry Leaf and Chyrsanthemum Decoction” us a formula for releasing Exterior Heat
Exterior Patterns are treated with Acupuncture points that:
“expel wind”; “Releases the exterior”; “Adjust sweating”; points that strengthen the dispersing of the Lung
What channels are often treated with exterior patterns?
Taiyang, Hand Taiyin, Hand Yangming, Hand Shaoyang
What are some examples of points to use for Exterior Patterns?
Lu-7, LI-4, LI-11, SJ-5, UB-12, UB-11, UB-13, GV-16
What type of patterns are associated with diseases that have penetrated deeper or are more severe (relative to Exterior patterns)?
Interior Patterns
Interior Patterns are typically divided into what four stages?
- Accumulation of Internal Heat
- Vacuity of Yin with Empty Heat
- Accumulation of Internal Cold
- Yang Qi Vacuity
What are some signs of Accumulation of Internal Heat?
Fever, Redness of the Face, Sensation of Heat in the Limbs, Profuse Sweating, Thirst with Strong Desire to Drink, Dry Stools, Scanty Yellow Urine, Irritability or Agitation, Red Tongue with Yellow Coat, Full, Rolling, or Surging Pulse (forceful;possibly rapid)
Fever, Redness of the Face, Sensation of Heat in the Limbs, Profuse Sweating, Thirst with Strong Desire to Drink, Dry Stools, Scanty Yellow Urine, Irritability or Agitation, Red Tongue with Yellow Coat, Full, Rolling, or Surging Pulse (forceful;possibly rapid) are all signs of what?
Accumulation of Internal Heat
What are some signs of Vacuity Yin with Empty Heat?
Hot Flashes or Night Sweats, Red of Cheeks with pallor of the rest of the face, 5-hearts Heat, Dry Stool, Scanty Yellow Urine, Irritability or Restlessness, Thirst without Desire to drink, Red Tongue with Little or no Coat, Thin and Rapid Pulse
Hot Flashes or Night Sweats, Red of Cheeks with pallor of the rest of the face, 5-hearts Heat, Dry Stool, Scanty Yellow Urine, Irritability or Restlessness, Thirst without Desire to drink, Red Tongue with Little or no Coat, Thin and Rapid Pulse are signs of what?
Vacuity of Yin with Empty Heat
What are some signs of Accumulation of Internal Cold?
Aversion to Cold, Cold Limbs, Absence of Sweats, Lack of Thirst; Clear, Copious urine, Abdominal discomfort; Thick, white, tongue coat; Deep, Slow pulse (likely with force)
Aversion to Cold, Cold Limbs, Absence of Sweats, Lack of Thirst; Clear, Copious urine, Abdominal discomfort; Thick, white, tongue coat; Deep, Slow pulse (likely with force) are signs of what?
Accumulation of Internal Cold
What are some signs of Yang Qi Vacuity?
Aversion to Cold, Cold Limbs, Spontaneous sweats, Lack of Thirst; clear, copious urine, abdominal discomfort, loose stools; pale, puffy face and tongue; thick, white tongue coat; deep, slow pulse (without force); possibly weak or soggy pulse
Aversion to Cold, Cold Limbs, Spontaneous sweats, Lack of Thirst; clear, copious urine, abdominal discomfort, loose stools; pale, puffy face and tongue; thick, white tongue coat; deep, slow pulse (without force); possibly weak or soggy pulse are signs of what?
Yang Qi Vacuity
What are the basic principles of treatment of Interior Patterns?
Treat Cold with Heat (usually)
Treat Heat with Cold (usually)
Dispel Pathogens
Supplement or Nourish Vacuity
You usually treat Cold with…
Heat
You usually treat Heat with…
Cold
You dispel…
pathogens
You supplement or Nourish….
Vacuity
A patient suffering from acute illness characterized by aversion to cold with chills and fever, a lack of sweating, pain in the neck and shoulders, headache, a floating, tight pulse, and a pale red tongue with a thin white coat would be best treated with which formula?
Jing Fang Bai Du San “Schizonepeta and Ledebouriella Powder to Overcome Pathogenic Influences”
A patient suffering from a pattern characterized by alternating chills/fever, alternating constipation/diarrhea, fullness of the chest or rib-side, bitter taste in the mouth, and great vexation or irritability would most likely present with which pulse image?
Bowstring (wiry)
According to the Differentiation by the “8 Principles”, a patient suffering from illness characterized by aversion to wind with slight chills, low fever with slight sweating, a relatively forceless, floating pulse, and a pale red tongue with a thin white coat has a presentation most consistent with…
Exterior Vacuity
According to Differentiation by the “Eight Principles,” a patient suffering from illness characterized by fever, profuse sweating, thirst with strong desire to drink, irritability, a red tongue with a thick yellow coat, and a surging pulse has a presentation most consistent with….
Accumulation of Internal Excess Heat
According to Differentiation by the “Eight Principles,” a patient suffering from illness characterized by heat in the five palms/hearts, thirst with little desire to drink, irritability, a dry red tongue with no coat, and a thin, rapid pulse has a presentation most consistent with…
Yin Vacuity with Empty Heat
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient suffering from acute illness characterized by aversion to wind with slight chills, fever with slight sweating, sore and swollen throat, floating, rapid pulse, and a pale red tongue with thin yellow coat has a presentation most consistent with…
Invasion of Wind Heat
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, what signs and symptoms would be most characteristic of a pattern of Stirring of Internal Wind due to Vacuity of Blood?
Tingling, numbness, and/or tremors of the extremities
Tingling, numbness, and/or tremors of the extremities are signs and symptoms characteristic of what pattern?
Stirring of Internal Wind due to Vacuity of Blood
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with fever, irritability; bleeding (coughing blood, nose bleeds, bleeding gums, etc); bruises on the skin; or red, painful bleeding rashes is displaying symptoms/signs of what pathology associated with fire?
Fire Agitating the Blood out of the Vessels
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient suffering from a pattern characterized by scanty, burning, urination with reddish yellow appearance, burning pain in the lower abdomen, a red tongue with a greasy yellow and a slippery pulse has a presentation most consistent with…
Accumulation of Damp Heat with Heat being predominate
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with chills; itchy skin rash; floating moderate pulse is displaying signs/symptoms of what pathology associated with wind?
Wind lodged in the exterior impairing ying and Wei Harmony
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with heaviness of the limbs and body; tightness of the chest; fullness or bloat of the abdomen; nausea; and stools with mucus is displaying symptoms/signs of what pathology associated with dampness?
Damp accumulating in Middle Jiao
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with flushed face; irritability/vexation; and a flooding rapid pulse or rolling rapid pulse is displaying symptoms/signs of what pathology associated with Fire?
Fire ascending/Stirring upward
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with heaviness in the head; dull pain of the whole body; and/or weeping skin rashes is displaying signs/symptoms of what pathology associated with dampness?
Dampness accumulating in the Exterior and the Luo
What is the Earth point on the Yangming channel indicated to strongly clear heat and commonly applied for most all types of feverish conditions or issues of the skin?
Quchi LI-11
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with cough; nasal congestion; sneezing; itchy throat; and a floating pulse is displaying symptoms/signs of what pathology associated with wind?
Wind Obstructing the Lung
What is the Fire point of the Shaoyang channel indicated to strongly clear heat of the “three heated spaces”?
Zhigou SJ-6
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient suffering from sour smelling, losse stool with undigested food; abdominal pain relieved by stool or passing gas; sour regurgitation, anorexia, and epigastric distension and who has a slippery pulse has a presentation most consistent with what pattern?
Food Retention/Stagnation
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with chills; pain of the head, neck and shoulder; stuffy nose; lack of sweat; thin, white tongue coat; fixed pain in the joints; and a tight pulse is displaying signs/symptoms of what pathology associated with Cold?
Cold obstructing the exterior and the Luo
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient presenting with fever; sore throat; and/or painful, swollen, and red joints is displaying signs/symptoms of what pathology associated with Fire?
Fire Attacking the Exterior
What point on the Taiyin Channel is the “food hole” indicated to treat Food Stagnation/Accumulation patterns?
Shidou SP-17
According to Differentiation of Disease by Pathogenic Factors, a patient suffering from dull, diffuse pain that migrates between the knees and elbows accompanied by occasional numbness in the hands or feet, a pale red tongue with a thin white coat and a bowstring (wiry) pulse has a presentation most consistent with….
Xing Bi - Moving or “Windy BI”
A patient suffering from a pattern of Qi Vacuity would be most likely to present with a pulse described as what?
A Forceless or “Empty” Pulse
According to Differentiation by Patterns of Qi and Blood, a patient suffering from fatigue in the morning that gets better in the afternoon, distension in the abdomen that is often relieved by passing gas, and a sensation of oppression in the chest when under stress has a presentation most consistent with….
A Pattern of Qi Stagnation
According to Differentiation by Patterns of Qi and Blood, a patient suffering from fatigue, low voice, shortness of breath, dizziness, a bearing down sensation, and a prolapse of the bladder has a presentation most consistent with….
Qi Fall
A patient suffering from a pattern of Blood Vacuity would be most likely to present with a pulse described as what?
A Thin or “Fine” Pulse
What formula would be most appropriate to apply in the case of a patient suffering from a pattern of Blood Vacuity?
Si Wu Tang “Four-Substance Decoction”
What point was discusse din class as being commonly used to boost the qi in cases of vacuity for people who feel “so tired they don’t want to live”?
Qi Hai CV-6
What formula would be most appropriate to apply in the case of a patient suffering from a pattern of Qi Fall?
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang “Tonify the Middle and Boost the Qi Decoction”
