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Traditional Chinese Medicine > Diagnostics 122 > Flashcards

Diagnostics 122 Flashcards

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Chinese (Mandarin) flashcards
0
Q

Body resistance is also known as

A

Vital qi

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1
Q

Pathogenic factors are also known as

A

Evil qi

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2
Q

Manifestation

A

Refers to the external display of an internal pathogenic development

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3
Q

Manifestation includes both

A

Signs and symptoms

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4
Q

Symptom

A

Refers to the subjective abnormal sensations felt by the patient. Ex: pain, distension, numbness, etc

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5
Q

Sign

A

Refers to objective abnormal display which, upon examination, indicates a disease. Ex: pale face, skin rashes, rapid pulse

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6
Q

Pattern (3 aspects)

A

Refers to the highly pathogenic condensation of a certain stage of disease; implies a group of manifestations at a certain pathogenic stage; provides the perspective for treatment

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7
Q

Disease

A

Result of the interaction of pathogenic factors and body resistance finally causing the breakdown of the balance of yin and yang

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8
Q

Diagnosis

A

Refers to the judgment from a physician as to the state of the constitution, as well as the name of the disease and its pattern types

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9
Q

Four diagnostic methods

A

Inspection, olfaction and auscultation, interrogation, and palpation and pulse examination

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10
Q

Inspection includes observing the patient’s

A

Vitality (Shen), complexion (se), physical appearance (xing), and movements and abnormalities in local areas of the body, including various excretory products such as sweat, sputum, saliva, urine, and stools

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11
Q

Auscultation includes

A

Listening to the sound of their voice and pitch of their voice, coughing, breathing, vomiting, hiccoughing, borborygmus, and groaning and speech patterns of the patient

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12
Q

Olfaction refers to

A

Smelling of abnormal odors emitted for either the patient of their residence

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13
Q

Interrogation refers to

A

Asking questions about how the disorder arose, its development and treatment process, what the patient feels now, the patient’s and family’s medical histories, individual cravings such as dietary indulgences and smoking, and the living/working conditions of the patient.

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14
Q

What is the aim of interrogation?

A

To find out the cause of the disorder and identify the pattern type by systemically uncovering the whole process of generation and development of the problem, as well as the symptoms of the patient

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15
Q

What is palpation?

A

Diagnostic method of palpating or pressing a certain area of the body with the practitioner’s hands to find moisture and temperature changes on the skin, the shapes and characteristics of lumps, tenderness, the degree and characteristic of pain, soreness, distension, and other sensations

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16
Q

Frequency and rhythm of the respiration and heartbeat and the patient’s reaction to palpating are included in which diagnostic method?

A

Palpation

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17
Q

Way are the eight different qualities of a pulse?

A

Location, frequency, length, width, strength, fluidity, tension, and equilibrium

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18
Q

What is the purpose of pattern identification?

A

to classify and analyze the clinical manifestations based on the four diagnostic methods and trace the causes of disease

19
Q

Three Primary categories of pattern identification:

A

External Pathogenic factors, Internal Pathogenic factors, Pathogenic factors that are neither internal not external

20
Q

Six environmental phenomena:

A

wind, cold, summer heat, dampness, dryness and fire, and epidemic pathogens

21
Q

Seven Emotions:

A

grief, joy, anger, anxiety/melancholy, and fear/fright

22
Q

Examples of pathogenic factors that are neither internal nor external:

A

improper food intake, fatigue, traumatic injury, sexual indulgence, and insect and animal bites

23
Q

Secondary Pathogens:

A

blood stasis, damp, phlegm, phlegm fluids, and water qi

24
Q

How are secondary or “special” pathogenic factors produced?

A

produced in the course of disease due to the dysfunction of the internal organs, and they result in additional diseases

25
Q

pattern identification is the result of…

A

a comprehensive analysis of etiology, pathogensis, and signs and symptoms of a disease in certain stages

26
Q

What is the main diagnostic principle and method of TCM?

A

pattern identification

27
Q

What supplies vitality to the internal organs?

A

essence and qi

28
Q

What is vitality?

A

an external expression of the function of the organs, essence, and qi

29
Q

Vitality is clinically divided into three types:

A

presence of vitality, absence of vitality, and false vitality

30
Q

Presence of Vitality refers to….

A

the general state of the essence and qi of the internal organs that is preserved without serious impairment, even while the patient is suffering from a disorder

31
Q

Absence of vitality means…

A

that the essence and qi of the internal organs have been impaired during the course of an illness

32
Q

False vitality usually appears in what type of patient?

A

a patient whose condition is severe, or who is even dying

33
Q

False Vitality manifests as…

A

a sudden short-lived improvement in spirit, complexion, voice, and food intake, which worsens very soon

34
Q

What does false vitality indicate?

A

the essence and qi of the internal organs are declining, leading to separation of yin and yang

35
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the eyes?

A

Presence of vitality: eyes sparkle

Absence of Vitality: eyes are dull looking

36
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the spirit?

A

Presence of vitality: Vigorous

Absence of Vitality: Listless

37
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the facial expression?

A

Presence of Vitality: Natural

Absence of vitality: Indifferent

38
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the complexion?

A

Presence of vitality: bright, moist

Absence of Vitality: Dim, dry

39
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the mind?

A

Presence of Vitality: Clear

Absence of Vitality: Confused

40
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the speech?

A

Presence of Vitality: correct in normal voice

Absence of Vitality: Incoherent in low or high voice

41
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the action?

A

Presence of vitality: coordinated

Absence of Vitality: Disharmonious

42
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the reaction?

A

Presence of Vitality: quick

Absence of Vitality: dull

43
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the muscle?

A

Presence of Vitality: good muscle tone

Absence of Vitality: weak and flaccid

44
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the severity?

A

Presence of Vitality: mild case

Absence of vitality: severe case

45
Q

What is the difference between presence of vitality and absence of vitality when analyzing the prognosis?

A

Presence of Vitality: good

Absence of Vitality: poor

Traditional Chinese Medicine (6 decks)

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