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Science > Yr8 revision > Flashcards

Yr8 revision Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Symbol for oxygen?

A

O

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2
Q

Symbol for nickel?

A

Ni

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3
Q

Symbol for sulphur?

A

S

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4
Q

What is the symbol for hydrogen?

A

H

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5
Q

What is the symbol for carbon?

A

C

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6
Q

What is the symbol for helium?

A

He

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7
Q

What is the symbol for aluminium

A

Al

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8
Q

What is the symbol for iron?

A

Fe

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9
Q

What is the symbol for silver?

A

Ag

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10
Q

What is the symbol for Mercury?

A

Hg

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11
Q

What is the symbol for gold?

A

Au

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12
Q

What is the symbol for lead!

A

Pb

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13
Q

What is the symbol for potassium?

A

K

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14
Q

What is the charge for proton?

A

Positive

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15
Q

What is the charge for neutron?

A

Neutral

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16
Q

What is the charge for electron?

A

Negative

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17
Q

What is the mass for a proton?

A

1

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18
Q

What is the mass for a neutron?

A

1

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19
Q

What is the mass for electron?

A

1/2000

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20
Q

What is the proton location?

A

Nucleus

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21
Q

What is the electron location?

A

Electron shells

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22
Q

Where is the neutron location?

A

Nucleus

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23
Q

What are types of solids?

A

Chair, table, book.

Anything that can’t change its shape or pour.

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24
Q

What are types of liquids?

A

Water, lemonade, oil, soap, pen ink

Anything that can be poured but can’t change its mass.

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25
Q

What are types of gases?

A

Air, gas valve, neon

Anything that can change its shape, mass, volume.

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26
Q

What is H20?

A

Water molecules.

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27
Q

What is a compound?

A

They are made up of one or more types of atoms chemically joined together.

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28
Q

Types of elements:

A

Chlorine
Fluorine,
Oxygen
Copper

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29
Q

Types of compounds:

A 
Sodium chloride
Zink iodide
Copper nitrate
Carbon dioxide
Potassium hydroxide
Magnesium sulphate
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30
Q

How do we know that a chemical reaction has happened?

A 
Change of state
Change of colour
Change of temperature
Smell
Fizz/bubbles/foam
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31
Q

Iron + oxygen ➡️

A

Iron oxide

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32
Q

Magnesium + oxygen ➡️

A

Magnesium oxide

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33
Q

Copper + oxygen ➡️

A

Copper oxide

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34
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A mixture of chemicals that do not react when joined together.

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35
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

When two or more chemicals react when they are mixed.

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36
Q

What is a molecule?

A

Two or atoms joined together that are either the same or different.

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37
Q

On which side of the periodic table are metals found?

A

The left side.

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38
Q

What is an element?

A

Elements are made up of one type of atom.

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39
Q

What is bread?

A

A carbohydrate

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40
Q

Why do we need nutrients?

A

So we can have a healthy diet.

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41
Q

Why is it important that we know what nutrients are in foods?

A

Because we might be allergic to certain nutrients. So we can have a healthier diet. And keep track of what we are eating.

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42
Q

What is the food test for glucose?

A

Benedict test and a Positive result is a red colour.

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43
Q

What is the food test for starch?

A

The iodine test and a positive result is a black colour.

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44
Q

What is the food test for protein?

A

The buirets test and a positive result is a purple colour.

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45
Q

What is The food test for fats?

A

Paper, and a positive result is that the paper is see-through.

46
Q

Mouth -

A

Where food is chewed and mixed with saliva.

47
Q

Oesophagus -

A

A tube which carries food to the stomach

48
Q

Stomach -

A

Where food is churned and acids aid digestion.

49
Q

Pancreas -

A

Produces enzymes which help with digestion.

50
Q

Gall bladder -

A

Where bile is stored

51
Q

Anus -

A

Wast passes through and out the body.

52
Q

Rectum -

A

Where waste is stored before erected

53
Q

Large intestine -

A

Where water is absorbed.

54
Q

Small intestine -

A

Where digestion is and food is absorbed.

55
Q

What happens in a mechanical digestion?

A

Our teeth break up food.

56
Q

What happens in a chemical digestion?

A

We add saliva to the food in the mouth which starts to break down the food. We then swallow the food which moves down the oesophagus and into the stomach.

57
Q

What happens in the stomach?

A

The food is mixed with hydrochloride acid. The enzyme pepsin helps break down the food. The food is now a liquid which means it can travel to the small intestine.

58
Q

What happens in the small intestine?

A

Bile is added in the gall bladder to help neutralise the stomach acid. The enzyme lipase helps break down the foods. The food is absorbed into the bloodstream.

59
Q

What happens in the large intestine?

A

The water is absorbed in to the blood. This leaves a solid waste which passes through the rectum. And out of the anus.

60
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Enzymes are a biological catalyst.

61
Q

What does the amylase do?

A

Helps digest starch into glucose.

62
Q

What does the pepsin do?

A

It helps break down protein into Amin acids

63
Q

What does the lipase do?

A

It helps break down fats into glycerol and acids.

64
Q

Where is the amylase found?

A

In the mouth

65
Q

Where is the pepsin found?

A

In the stomach

66
Q

Where is the lipase found?

A

In the small intestine

.

67
Q

What pH does the amylase like?

A

6

68
Q

What pH does the pepsin like?

A

2

69
Q

What pHdoes the lipase like?

A

10

70
Q

What does the Undigested food called when it has passed out of the anus?

A

Faeces.

71
Q

What are the properties of metals

A 
Shiny
Conducts heat
Magnetic - iron
Malleable (easily shaped)
Dense
72
Q

What is Na?

A

Sodium

73
Q

What is a compound?

A

They are made up of two or more atoms that are different chemically joined together.

74
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two or more elements that don’t react when mixed.

75
Q

What is a boiling point?

A

Liquid - gas

76
Q

What is the melting point?

A

Solid - liquid

77
Q

What is the cause of the disease: iron and anemia?

A

Lack of blood - iron

78
Q

What is the cause of vitamin c and scurvy?

A

A defiancyof vitamin c

79
Q

What is the main symptom of scurvy?

A

Swollen and infected gums, bleeding under the skin.

80
Q

What is the main symptom of iron and anemia?

A

Tiredness - fatigue.

81
Q

What is the cause for vitamin b and beri-beri?

A

Lack of vitamin b.

82
Q

What is the symptom for vitamin band Beri-beri?

A

Weakness in the legs and loss of appetite.

83
Q

What causes iodine goiter and hypothyroidism?

A

Not enough iodine.

84
Q

What is the summon for iodine goiter and …?

A

Undeactive thryoid.

85
Q

What causes vitamin a and night blindness?

A

Lack of vitamin a.

86
Q

What are the symptoms corvina in a and night blindness?

A

Eyes failing to adjust tithe darkness,

87
Q

An example of filtration:

A

Separating sand from water

88
Q

An example for evaporation:

A

Separating sugar dissolved in water.

89
Q

An example for distillation:

A

Separating lavender oil from ethanol.

90
Q

An example for decanting :

A

Decanting water from oil.

91
Q

What does light travel in?

A

A wave that transfers energy in straight lines.

92
Q

How is light produced ?

A

By luminous objects : glow worm, candle, flames and light bulbs

93
Q

What are light waves scientifically labelled as?

A

Transverse waves- they have undulations that travel at right angles to the direction that wave is travelling in.

94
Q

Can light waves be reflected?

A

Yes - this is how mirrors work.

95
Q

Why is it a good thing that light waves don’t need particles to travel in?

A

Because, light from the sun hast to travel through space which hasn’t got many particles to get to earth.

96
Q

What do particles do to light waves?

A

Slow them down

97
Q

What does light travel fastest in?

A

A vacuum

98
Q

In a vacuum what travels faster than light?

A

Nothing

99
Q

Even if light takes longer in different states (water and air) what do humans think?

A

It appears instant to the human eye.

100
Q

What is reflection?

A

When a wave hits a surface and bounces back.

101
Q

What is a light wave also known as?

A

A light Ray

102
Q

Why does light reflect of a mirror?

A

It has a smooth and shiny surface which reflects all the light off at the same angle who gives a clear reflection. - specular reflection

103
Q

Why do rough surfaces not give a clear reflection?

A

They are not smoot which means the light rays bounce off the surface in all different directions giving a diffused reflection.

104
Q

What angle is the normal to the surface?

A

90’ (right angle) to the surface.

105
Q

What is the incident Ray?

A

The that is travelling in the direction of the object.

106
Q

What is refraction?

A

When light rays to a more or less dense substance.

107
Q

What will light not travel through?

A

Anything that is opaque.

108
Q

Any substance that a wave is called …….

A

A medium

109
Q

What happens when light goes from a less dense substance to a more dense substance?

A

It bends away from the normal.

110
Q

How do we see?

A

Light refracts into our eyes

111
Q

What is a white light made up of?

A 
The spectrum - 
(Right)              Red
(Of)                   Orange
(Your)               Yellow 
(Garden)          Green
(Bees)               Blue
(Interfere)        Indigo 
(Volkswagens)Violet

Science (6 decks)

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