YR12 T1

Question 1

Q.1 RICER– what is I and what must you do

Answer 1

Apply an ice pack or bag of ice to injured area, consistently every 20 minutes on an off for the first 48 hours

Question 1

Q.1 Sports med: RICER
What does R stand for and what must you do to prevent further strain on the injured area

Answer 1

Stop playing the sport to immobilise the ankle and prevent the join from moving

Question 2

RICER– what do you apply an ice pack

Answer 2

It reduces swelling and pain hence speeding recovery by causing vasoconstriction

Question 3

RICER – What is C and what do you do

Answer 3

Wrap the injured area with compression bandaging/ elastic bandaging

Question 4

RICER– C, why do you compress the injured area

Answer 4

Supports the joint to control the inflammatory response by forcing blood away from the injured area and will aid in reducing movement + risk of reinjury

Question 5

What is an example for compression– RICER

Answer 5

Wrapping a sprained wrist or ankle will immobilise movement

Question 6

RICER– what is E and why do you do it and give example

Answer 6

Elevation, injured area must be elevated above the heart to restrict blood flow to prevent further inflammation. e.g laying person on the floor and elevating the leg with pillows or a sling to elevate a sprained wrist

Question 7

RICER– what is R(2nd) and why do you do it

Answer 7

Referral– atheletes are referred to medical practioner or physiologic to regain full function and to return to play

Question 8

Temp regulations– define convection give ex.

Answer 8

ransfer heat away from the skin through fluids i.e air or water to regulate body temperature e.g running whilst air streams the skin to remove heat vs preservation of heat; athletes are able to wear windbreakers to prevent fluids from making contact with the skin.

Question 9

Temp regs- what is radiation give ex.

Answer 9

Radiation consists of heat lost to the surrounding environment e.g standing in the sun to warm the body or cool the body down by releasing more skin to the environment

Question 10

Temp reg- what is conduction give ex for hot and cold

Answer 10

Transferring heat from one object to the other through physical contact e.g too hot= wearing ice vests or wet towels over neck & warming up through heat packs and warm clothing

Question 11

what is evaporation and give example

Answer 11

transferring heat away from the body through water– water vapour removing heat e.g drinking water or pouring water over the body to assist in evaporation or taking off wet clothes/ towels to reduce water content in the body and prevent heat from escaping the body

Question 12

Climatic cond: hot – what are they, define and why body temp is difficult to regulate

Answer 12

heat causes body temperature to rapidly increase due to absorbing more heat from radiation

humidity, higher concentration of water in the atmosphere makes it difficult to remove heat from the body

Question 13

give an ex for heat and humidity. how does it link to temp regulation

Answer 13

Athletes combat through convection e.g pouring water over the body or ice vests and staying hydrated to prevent hyperthermia

Question 14

What are the conditions that will result in heat loss and how does it affect body temp+ the environment

Answer 14

Wind and rain increases player’s risk of hypothermia through convection and affects the surrounding environment

Question 15

give an example for wind and rain, how to combact this

Answer 15

football moving unexpectedly due to winds and slippery soccer fields that are dangerous to play on
– for body temp, wear warm clothing or drinking warm water or game will get cancelled

Question 16

What condition results in excessive heat loss and how

Answer 16

Cold conditions due to lack of heat and higher risk of hypothermia

Question 17

How to combat cold condition, give example

Answer 17

For winter sports e.g skiing or bobsledding, athletes wear warmer clothes i.e snow jacket or thermal shirts to bring up body temp

Question 18

What are the two climatic conditions that do not affect ability in terms of performance– define what it is

Answer 18

Altitude and pollution do not affect a player’s ability to perform sport in terms of temperature regulation as it refers to the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere and contaminants in the air.

Question 19

EPO– what is it

Answer 19

Erythripoetin (EPO) is a naturally occurring hormone that produces RBC in the bone marrow.

Question 20

How does EPO help athletic performnce

Answer 20

Athletes are able to gain a competitive advantage by administering EPO, used to increase red blood cell concentration - improving oxygen carrying capacity thus enhancing aerobic performance

Decreases onset of fatigue by decreasing lactate levels
Also increases haemoglobin as RBC count increases

Question 21

what are the advantages of EPO

Answer 21

Decreases onset of fatigue by decreasing lactate levels and increases haemoglobin as RBC count increases which increases stamina

Question 22

Give 2 examples for EPO

Answer 22

Lance armtrong in the tour-de-france which resulted in him having an increased recovery rate and eundurance, hence performing better

or distance running which give give advantage for runners to have longer stamina

Question 23

how does lactate threshold testing improve performance give example

Answer 23

lactate testing compels athletes to train at maximum intensity levels and determine their max lactate inflection point e.g bicycle ergometers that measures lactate accumulation→ aids in training by knowing their limits and when lactate accumulates

Question 24

Biomechanical analysis, how does it improve training , give ex

Answer 24

allows athletes to analyse their joint movement and force produced through muscles and ensure correct technique is employed for efficient movement and prevent injury. E.g slow motion video/ motion capture to analyse movement

Question 25

Example golf ball how has it improved

Answer 25

production of dimples creates air pockets and thus increase fluid drag, lengthen distance and travel further and lighter

Question 25

Example LZR racer suit

Answer 25

LZR racer swimsuits through water repellent coating, reduce friction, flexible material traps air to increase buoyancy→ thus decreases friction drag and go faster