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Physics Yr11 > Yr11 > Flashcards

Yr11 Flashcards

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0
Q

Mass is unchanged throughout the universe. True or False?

A

True

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1
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of matter in an object

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2
Q

How to calculate weight?

A

W = Gravity X Mass

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3
Q

What is the definition of weight?

A

Weight is the pull of gravity on an object, multiplied by the object’s mass

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4
Q

How to calculate density?

A

Density = Mass / Volume

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5
Q

Name the properties of solids relating to Kinetic Theory?

A
  • keeps own shape
  • keeps own volume
  • very high density
  • can’t be compressed
  • strong force between particles
  • atoms vibrate, fixed to each other with respect
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6
Q

Name properties of liquids, relating to Kinetic Theory?

A
  • takes shape of container
  • keeps own volume
  • medium density
  • can be compressed a little
  • strong force between particles
  • vibrate, move within volume
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7
Q

Name properties of gas, relating to Kinetic Theory?

A
  • takes shape of container
  • takes volume of container
  • low density
  • can be compressed by great deal
  • weak force between particles
  • vibrate, move anywhere
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8
Q

What is the Centre of Gravity?

A

A point in which an object’s weight appears to be concentrated

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9
Q

In order for an object to be stable, the Centre of Gravity must be above what?

A

The base

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10
Q

What 2 ways could an object become more stable?

A
  • wider base

- lower Centre of Gravity

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11
Q

What is a Moment?

A

A moment is the turning force of something

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12
Q

Equation for moments?

A

M = Force X perpendicular distance from force to pivot

M = Fd

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13
Q

When an object is balanced and the Clockwise and Anti - Clockwise moments are equal, it is in what?

A

Equilibrium

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14
Q

What is the principle of moments?

A

When an object is in equilibrium, the clockwise and anti - clockwise moments are equal

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15
Q

What is the evidence for the existence of Nuclei?

A

When alpha particles are fired at gold foil, some are deflected by something ‘ hard ‘ and positive. This ‘ hard ‘ positive object is the nucleus

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16
Q

Who discovered Nuclei?

A

Rutherford

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17
Q

Diameter of atoms?

A

-10

Approx. 10 m

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18
Q

Diameter of nuclei?

A
  • 15

Approx. 10 m

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19
Q

What material stops alpha particles?

A
  • A sheet of paper

- skin

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20
Q

What material stops Beta Particles?

A

Aluminium

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21
Q

What material reduces Gamma Rays?

A
  • Lead

- Concrete

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22
Q

Relative Mass of Gamma rays?

A

No mass

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23
Q

Relative Mass of a beta particle?

A

1/1840

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24
Q

Relative Mass of alpha particles?

A

4

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25
Q

Charge of an alpha particle?

A

+2

26
Q

Charge of a beta particle?

A

-1

27
Q

Charge of gamma rays?

A

No charge

28
Q

Composition of an alpha particle?

A

2 protons and 2 neutrons

29
Q

Do Alpha Particles ionise other atoms?

A

Yes

30
Q

Do Beta Particles ionise atoms?

A

Yes, but not as strongly as Alpha Particles do

31
Q

Do Gamma Rays ionise atoms?

A

No, but they cause them to emit other particles, resulting in Ionisation

32
Q

Is it possible to find a PURE gamma ray source?

A

No, anything that emits gamma rays, emits alpha and/ or beta particles

33
Q

What is Carbon Dating?

A

The process of analysing the amount of Carbon 14 in something, to calculate its age, based on half - lives

34
Q

Sources of background radiation?

A
  • cosmic rays
  • animals
  • rocks
  • soil and plants
35
Q

What is a half - life?

A

A half - life is the time it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei of an isotope to decay on avg.

36
Q

What is nuclear fission?

A

The splitting of large nuclei, by firing a thermal neutron at the right speed at it

37
Q

What is Nuclear Fusion?

A

The joining of two atomic nuclei to make a larger nuclei. This processes creates energy.

38
Q

Where can Nuclear Fusion naturally occur?

A

Stars

39
Q

Does the process of Nuclear Fusion create harmful waste?

A

No

40
Q

What is a transducer?

A

A transducer changes energy from one form to another.

Eg. Electrical to Light

41
Q

Coal, oil and gas are all what types of fuel?

A

Fossil Fuels

42
Q

What is the Energy Efficiency equation?

A

Energy Output
_____________ X 100
Energy Input

43
Q

Name the 9 types of energy

A

Chemical, Light, Elastic Potential, Gravitational Potential, Kinetic, Electrical, Heat, Sound and Magnetic

44
Q

How to Calculate velocity?

A

Time

45
Q

Definition of Displacement?

A

Displacement is a vector measure of the interval between 2 locations measured along the shortest path connecting them

46
Q

How to calculate Displacement in a Velocity/Time graph?

A

Area of shape created by line

47
Q

How to calculate acceleration of Velocity/Time Graph?

A

Gradient of line

48
Q

How to work out velocity of Displacement/Time graph?

A

Gradient of line

49
Q

How to calculate acceleration?

A

Time

50
Q

What is Newton’s First Law?

A

Every object travels with a constant speed in a straight line, or remains at rest, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

51
Q

What is Newtons Second Law?

A

Unbalanced Force = Mass x Acceleration

52
Q

What is Newton’s Third Law?

A

If body A exerts a force on Body B, then Body B exerts a force of equal size and opposite direction on Body A

53
Q

What is the definition of a Newton?

A

A force which gives a mass of 1kg an acceleration of 1m/s2

54
Q

How to calculate Momentum?

A

Momentum = Mass x Velocity

55
Q

How to Calculate an Impulse?

A

Impulse = Force x Time

56
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?

A

So long as no external forces are acting on the objects involved, the total momentum before a collision is the same as the total momentum after a collision

57
Q

What would happen to an object moving in a circle if force making it move disappeared?

A

Object would move away in a tangent

58
Q

How to calculate Work Done?

A

Force x Distance moved in direction of force

59
Q

How to calculate Power?

A

Time taken

OR
Energy Change
————
Time taken

60
Q

What is power?

A

Power is the rate of doing work, or rate at which energy changes from one form to another

61
Q

How to calculate Gravitational Potential Energy?

A

Mass x Gravity x Height

62
Q

How to calculate Kinetic Energy?

A

0.5 x Mass x (Velocity)2

63
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

A

Energy cannot be destroyed or created but only changes form

Physics Yr11 (4 decks)

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