Waves Sound And Light

Question 1

What do waves do? How are they produced?

Answer 1

They transfer energy from one point to another. They are produced as a result of vibrations

Question 2

Give 2 examples of longitudinal waves?

Answer 2

Sound

Seismic waves

Question 3

Give 2 examples of transverse waves?

Answer 3

Water waves

Electromagnetic waves

Question 4

What is a longitudinal wave?

Answer 4

This wave is when particles vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave

Question 5

What is a transverse wave?

Answer 5

Wave that causes particles to vibrate at 90° to the direction of the wave

Question 6

Give 2 examples that show how waves carry energy?

Answer 6

Visible light causes things to heat up

Water waves can generate electricity

Question 7

Give 3 characteristics of waves?

Answer 7

Frequency
Wavelength
Amplitude

Question 8

What is frequency?

Answer 8

The number of complete waves passing a fixed position in a second

Question 9

Give unit used for frequency?

Answer 9

Hertz

Question 10

What is wavelengths?

Answer 10

The distance between 2 consecutive crests or troughs

Question 11

What unit are wavelengths measured in?

Answer 11

Metres

Question 12

What is amplitude?

Answer 12

The greatest displacement of the wave from its undisturbed position

Question 13

What unit is amplitude measured in?

Answer 13

Metres

Question 14

How do you measure wavelengths in longitudinal waves?

Answer 14

Distance between 2 consecutive compressions ( compressed waves ) or rarefactions ( spaced out waves )

Question 15

Give the ‘wave’ equation?

Answer 15

Wave speed = Frequency X Wavelength

v = f X (upside down y)

Question 16

What is reflection?

Answer 16

This is when plane waves approach a barrier, which prevents the waves going over the top. The incident waves are then reflected and become reflected waves

Question 17

What is refraction?

Answer 17

The bending of waves at a boundary, because the speed has changed
as the waves hit the boundary at an angle

Question 18

What is ultrasound?

Answer 18

Sound that is too high a frequency for us to hear

Question 19

What is dispersion?

Answer 19

This when light rays are refracted in a more optically dense medium, such as a prism, and the Rays then split in to the light spectrum

Question 20

What is the critical angle?

Answer 20

When the Ray is just totally internally reflected, the angle between the Ray and the normal inside the block becomes known as the critical angle

Question 21

What is internal reflection?

Answer 21

When light rays travelling a more optically dense medium, hit its edges at an angle, known as the critical angle. This causes the light Ray to reflect off the edge and back in to the medium

Question 22

What is the focal length of a lens?

Answer 22

The distance between the centre of the lens and the image

Question 23

Give 3 uses of ultrasound?

Answer 23

Sonar
Pre natal screening
Removal of kidney stones

Question 24

What does Radar stand for?

Answer 24

RAdio Detection And Ranging

Question 25

What is radar used for?

Answer 25

It is used to determine the range, altitude, direction or speed of objects by detecting the reflected radio waves or microwaves

Question 26

What is an incident Ray?

Answer 26

The Ray of light traveling towards the mirror

Question 27

Give 2 uses of plane mirrors?

Answer 27

In looking glasses (mirrors) | Periscopes

Question 28

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

Answer 28

These are electromagnetic waves that have common properties

Question 29

Give 3 properties of electromagnetic waves?

Answer 29

Can travel in vacuum Travel at same speed in a vacuum Are transverse waves

Question 30

Name 4 electromagnetic waves?

Answer 30

Gamma X Ray's Infrared Microwaves

Question 31

Name 3 electromagnetic waves which are also known as ionising radiation?

Answer 31

X Ray's Gamma rays Ultraviolet rays

Question 32

Give a use of gamma rays? Give a danger?

Answer 32

Can destroy viruses and bacteria in food industry by irradiating food Can cause cancer

Question 33

Give a use of X Ray's? A danger?

Answer 33

Can be used in body scanning | Can cause cancer

Question 34

Give a use of ultraviolet rays? A danger?

Answer 34

Can be used to detect forgeries in banknotes | Prolonged exposure can cause skin cancer

Question 35

Give a use of infrared rays? A danger?

Answer 35

Can be used in toasters, grills, etc, as they cause objects to heat up Can burn the skin, such as sunburn

Question 36

Give a use of microwaves and radar waves? A danger?

Answer 36

Can be used for mobile phone and satellite transmissions | Pose a hazard to us because they are so easily absorbed by water molecules, and our bodies contain a lot of water

Question 37

Give a use of radio waves?

Answer 37

Used extensively for communication

Question 38

Name the 2 types of waves?

Answer 38

Longitudinal | Transverse