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Physics Yr11 > Waves Sound And Light > Flashcards

Waves Sound And Light Flashcards

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1
Q

What do waves do? How are they produced?

A

They transfer energy from one point to another. They are produced as a result of vibrations

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2
Q

Give 2 examples of longitudinal waves?

A

Sound

Seismic waves

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3
Q

Give 2 examples of transverse waves?

A

Water waves

Electromagnetic waves

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4
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

This wave is when particles vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave

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5
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

Wave that causes particles to vibrate at 90° to the direction of the wave

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6
Q

Give 2 examples that show how waves carry energy?

A

Visible light causes things to heat up

Water waves can generate electricity

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7
Q

Give 3 characteristics of waves?

A

Frequency
Wavelength
Amplitude

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8
Q

What is frequency?

A

The number of complete waves passing a fixed position in a second

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9
Q

Give unit used for frequency?

A

Hertz

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10
Q

What is wavelengths?

A

The distance between 2 consecutive crests or troughs

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11
Q

What unit are wavelengths measured in?

A

Metres

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12
Q

What is amplitude?

A

The greatest displacement of the wave from its undisturbed position

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13
Q

What unit is amplitude measured in?

A

Metres

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14
Q

How do you measure wavelengths in longitudinal waves?

A

Distance between 2 consecutive compressions ( compressed waves ) or rarefactions ( spaced out waves )

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15
Q

Give the ‘wave’ equation?

A

Wave speed = Frequency X Wavelength

v = f X (upside down y)

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16
Q

What is reflection?

A

This is when plane waves approach a barrier, which prevents the waves going over the top. The incident waves are then reflected and become reflected waves

17
Q

What is refraction?

A

The bending of waves at a boundary, because the speed has changed
as the waves hit the boundary at an angle

18
Q

What is ultrasound?

A

Sound that is too high a frequency for us to hear

19
Q

What is dispersion?

A

This when light rays are refracted in a more optically dense medium, such as a prism, and the Rays then split in to the light spectrum

20
Q

What is the critical angle?

A

When the Ray is just totally internally reflected, the angle between the Ray and the normal inside the block becomes known as the critical angle

21
Q

What is internal reflection?

A

When light rays travelling a more optically dense medium, hit its edges at an angle, known as the critical angle. This causes the light Ray to reflect off the edge and back in to the medium

22
Q

What is the focal length of a lens?

A

The distance between the centre of the lens and the image

23
Q

Give 3 uses of ultrasound?

A

Sonar
Pre natal screening
Removal of kidney stones

24
Q

What does Radar stand for?

A

RAdio Detection And Ranging

25
Q

What is radar used for?

A

It is used to determine the range, altitude, direction or speed of objects by detecting the reflected radio waves or microwaves

26
Q

What is an incident Ray?

A

The Ray of light traveling towards the mirror

27
Q

Give 2 uses of plane mirrors?

A

In looking glasses (mirrors)

Periscopes

28
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

These are electromagnetic waves that have common properties

29
Q

Give 3 properties of electromagnetic waves?

A

Can travel in vacuum
Travel at same speed in a vacuum
Are transverse waves

30
Q

Name 4 electromagnetic waves?

A

Gamma
X Ray’s
Infrared
Microwaves

31
Q

Name 3 electromagnetic waves which are also known as ionising radiation?

A

X Ray’s
Gamma rays
Ultraviolet rays

32
Q

Give a use of gamma rays? Give a danger?

A

Can destroy viruses and bacteria in food industry by irradiating food
Can cause cancer

33
Q

Give a use of X Ray’s? A danger?

A

Can be used in body scanning

Can cause cancer

34
Q

Give a use of ultraviolet rays? A danger?

A

Can be used to detect forgeries in banknotes

Prolonged exposure can cause skin cancer

35
Q

Give a use of infrared rays? A danger?

A

Can be used in toasters, grills, etc, as they cause objects to heat up
Can burn the skin, such as sunburn

36
Q

Give a use of microwaves and radar waves? A danger?

A

Can be used for mobile phone and satellite transmissions

Pose a hazard to us because they are so easily absorbed by water molecules, and our bodies contain a lot of water

37
Q

Give a use of radio waves?

A

Used extensively for communication

38
Q

Name the 2 types of waves?

A

Longitudinal

Transverse

Physics Yr11 (4 decks)

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