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geography > Yr10 bassline ass > Flashcards

Yr10 bassline ass Flashcards

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1
Q

what are two types of crust?

A

oceanic and continental

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2
Q

what is the earth’s crust split up into?

A

tectonic plates

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3
Q

what is the name of the boundary between two tectonic plates?

A

plate margins

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4
Q

where are the majority of earthquakes and volcanoes located?

A

at plate margins

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5
Q

name the tectonic plate margin where two tectonic plates slide past each other?

A

conservative

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6
Q

name the tectonic plate margin where rising magma adds new materials to plates that are diverging or moving apart

A

constructive

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7
Q

name the tectonic plate margin where two plates are coming together and the oceanic plate is subducted

A

destructive

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8
Q

what is a sudden or violent movement within the Earth’s crust followed by a series of shocks called?

A

earthquake

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9
Q

what is the point under the earth where an earthquake starts?

A

focus

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10
Q

what are the initial impacts of a natural event on people and property, caused directly by it, known as?

A

primary effects

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11
Q

what are the after-effects that occur as indirect impacts of a natural event know as?

A

secondary effects

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12
Q

what are the 3 cells in the global atmospheric circulation model?

A

hadley, ferrel, polar

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13
Q

is there high or low pressure on the equator?

A

low

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14
Q

what is the minimum sea temp required for a tropical storm to form?

A

27C

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15
Q

name the force that causes tropical storms to spin

A

coriolis effect

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16
Q

what happens to tropical storms when they reach land?

A

they lose energy

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17
Q

what is the name of the scale used to categorise tropical storms?

A

saffir-simpson scale

18
Q

which part of a tropical storm has the highest wind speeds?

A

eye wall

19
Q

what is urbanisation?

A

the growth in the proportion of people living in urban areas

20
Q

what is rural-urban migration?

A

the movement of people from the countryside to cities

21
Q

how is natural increase in population defined?

A

where the birth rate is higher than the death rate

22
Q

what are informal settlements?

A

houses or shelters that have been built by people on land they have no legal right to use

23
Q

name 3 strategies to reduce congestion in London

A

congestion charges/zones, hydrogen buses, Santander bikes

24
Q

the wearing away of the landscape is know as…

A

erosion

25
Q

the movement of material due to the river’s energy and flow is know as…

A

transport

26
Q

the laying down of materials by the river’s energy and flow is known as…

A

deposition

27
Q

the process of erosion where the force of the river against the banks can cause air to be trapped in the cracks and crevices weakening the banks is …

A

hydraulic action

28
Q

the process of erosion where rocks carried along by the river wears down the river bed and banks is…

A

abrasion

29
Q

the process of erosion where rocks being carried by the river smash together and break into smaller, smoother and rounder particles is…

A

attrition

30
Q

the process of transport where particles bounce down the river bed

A

saltation

31
Q

the process of transport where boulders and pebbles are rolled along the the river bed

A

traction

32
Q

what happens to the discharge closer to the mouth?

A

increases

33
Q

what happens to the sediment size and angularity closer to the mouth?

A

smaller and less angular (rounder)

34
Q

a narrow, steep sided valley, often formed as a waterfall retreats upstream is called a…

A

gorge

35
Q

a series of ridges projecting out on alternate sides of a valley and which a river winds its course around are called…

A

interlocking spurs

36
Q

an arc-shaped lake which has been cut off from a meandering river is called an…

A

oxbow lake

37
Q

the tidal mouth of a river where it meets the sea *(with wide banks of deposited mud are exposed at low tide) is called an…

A

estuary

38
Q

natural or man-made embankments of sediment along the bank of a river are called…

A

levees

39
Q

rivers discharge exceeding river channel capacity is known as…

A

flooding

40
Q

the building of artificial structures using various materials such as rock, concrete and steel to reduce, disrupt of stop the impact of the river processes is known as…

A

hard engineering

41
Q

the use of natural environment surrounding a river, using schemes that work with the river’s natural processes to reduce flooding is know as…

A

soft engineering

42
Q

2 exam questions on the set hw

A

geography (6 decks)

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