Yr 9 Diet and Bodily Functions 1 Flashcards
What’s a balanced diet?
Eating a sufficient amount of all 7 food groups
What are the 7 food groups?
-protein
-carbohydrates->sugars
->starches
-vitamins
-minerals
-fibre
-lipids (fats)
-water
What are the sources of carbohydrates (sugars)?
-sweets
-cakes
-fruit
-chocolate
What function in the body do carbohydrates (sugars) play a role in?
-they are used in respiration to release energy for the body to use
What are some sources of carbohydrates (starch/polysaccharides)?
-bread
-rice
-cereals
-pasta
-potatoes
What function in the body do carbohydrates (starch/polysaccharides) play a role in?
-digested into sugars and then used in respiration
-stored in the liver as glycogen (an energy store)
What are some sources of lipids?
-butter
-oils
-cream
-red meat
What function in the body do lipids play a role in?
-used as an energy store
-can be broken down and used in respiration
-have to be carried in the blood combined with protein (lipoprotein)
What are some sources of protein?
-meat
-eggs
-fish
-nuts
-peas
-legumes (lentils,chickpeas etc.)
What function in the body does protein play a role in?
-used for growth and repair of tissues
-makes enzymes and hormones that do reactions in your cells
What are some sources of vitamins?
-many sources depending on the nutrient
What function in the body do vitamins play a role in?
-needed in tiny amounts to keep the body functioning
What are some sources of minerals?
-many different sources depending on the nutrient
e.g. iron comes from red meat (like steaks) and green vegetables (like spinach)
What function in the body do minerals play a role in?
-needed in tiny amounts to keep the body functioning
What are some sources of fibre?
-cereals
-vegetables
-fruit
-basically any plant material
What function in the body does fibre play a role in?
-helps food move through digestive system
-prevents constipation
-reduces the risk of bowel diseases like colon cancer
What are some sources of water?
-drinks
-most fruit and vegetable
What function in the body does water play a role in?
-dissolves chemicals in cells and tissue fluids
-makes up most of your body
What factors mean a person needs more energy intake from their food?
-they are actively exercising daily
-they are children/adolescents (need more energy to grow)
-they are pregnant
-they have a higher metabolism
-they are male(usually)
What factors mean a person needs less energy intake from their food?
-they are female(usually)
-they have a slower metabolism
-they are adults