Yr 2 Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

species

A

A group of organisms that are able to produce fertile offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

species richness

A

the number of different species in a community/ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

genetic diversity

A

number of different alleles of each gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

phylogenetic group

A

grouped according to evolutionary relationship/ common ancestry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hierarchy

A

A hierarchal system is one in which larger groups contain smaller groups with no overlap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

transcriptional factor

A

protein/ molecule that moves from cytoplasm to DNA; and binds to a promoter; allowing RNA polymerase to work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

codon

A

Triplet / three bases on mRNA/DNA; that code for an amino acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ecological niche

A

The role that an organism plays in its habitat; including its use of resources and its inter-relationships with other species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

abiotic factor

A

A non-living factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is succession

A

change in community over time;
either due to abiotic factors or due to species present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a climax community

A

a stable community where there is no further succession

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

negative feedback

A

where a change triggers a response which reduces the effect of a change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

homeostasis

A

maintaining a constant internal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

DNA probe

A

Single-stranded DNA; with base sequence complementary to DNA to be identified; which is radioactively / fluorescent labelled so that it can be detected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

phenotype

A

Appearance due to genotype and the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

gene pool

A

all the alleles in a population

17
Q

codominant alleles

A

both alleles expressed in the phenotype if present

18
Q

dominant allele

A

is always expressed in the phenotype

19
Q

community

A

all of the populations in an area

20
Q

recessive allele

A

only expressed in phenotype when homozygous

21
Q

ecosystem

A

a system in which all organisms interact with physical environment

22
Q

population

A

population is the total number of individuals of a species in an area

23
Q

sex-linked gene

A

gene located on X / Y sex chromosome

24
Q

sympatric speciation

A

The formation of new species; from a population living in the same area / without geographical isolation

25
allopatric speciation
new species form from different populations; in different areas
26
epigenetics
heritable changes in gene function; without changes to the base sequence of DNA
27
vector
it carries DNA into another organism
28
recombinant DNA
DNA which contains genes from two species
29
gene therapy
The introduction of healthy gene to 'replace' a defective gene
30
Epistasis
Interaction between two non linked genes which causes one gene to mask the expression of the other in the phenotype