yr 12 psych test 1 Flashcards
Cortex in frontal lobe
Primary motor cortex
Cortex in Parietal lobe
Primary sensory cortex
Cortex in Temporal Lobe
Primary auditory cortex
Cortex in occipital lobe
Primary visual cortex
cerebral cortex
outer layer on top of cerebrum
cerebellum location
located below occipital lobe
contraleteral function
Contralateral function means that each hemisphere controls functions on the opposite side of the body, the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and vice versa.
in relation to voluntary movement this means the left hemisphere controls movement for the right side of the body
Frontal lobe functions
Responsible for
-personality
higher order processes such as
-attention
-impulse control
-decision making
-problem solving
Also responsible for voluntary movement
Frontal lobe damage can cause
-mood fluctuations
-changes in social behabiour
-paralysis
Parietal lobe functions
-Receives and processes bodily information
sensory info includes
-Touch and temperature
-Information about muscle movement
Parietal lobe damage can cause
problems with spatial awareness, coordination and sensation eg inability to distinguish hot and cold
temporal lobe functions
-involved in memory
-involved in auditory perception
-involved in visual perception
temporal lobe damage can cause
-difficulty understanding spoken words
-difficutly identifying objects
-Difficulty learning information
occipital lobe functions
-Spatial processing
-colour processing
-distance and depth perception
-movement
occipital lobe damage can cause
-serious visual impairments
-diffculuty locating objects in an environment
-difficulty identifying colours
left hemisphere specialisations
-Receive and process sensations from the right side of the body
-Control voluntary movements from the right side of the body
-Verbal tasks – speech production and comprehension, reading, writing
-Logical reasoning
-Analysis – maths, sequencing tasks
right hemisphere
-Receive and process sensations from the left side of the body
-Control voluntary movements from the left side of the body
-Appreciation of art and music
-Recognising emotions (reading body language)
-Spatial and visual thinking – puzzles, map reading
-Creativity
-Fantasy (e.g. day dreaming)
-Non-verbal tasks
Phineas Gage Key features
-Construction worker
-Iron rod entered left cheekbone and exited through top of head
-Iron rod damaged frontal lobe severely
-Resulted in changes to personality, disrespectful, unpredicatable, and indecisive
How phineas gage helped psychs understand brain
Allowed us to understand frontal love was responsible for personality due to the personality changes experienced by Gage and his frontal lobe being damaged
HM key features
-Experienced epileptic seizures believed to be caused by a bicycle accident
-Underwent an experimental brain surgery involving removal of part of the hippocampus
-After the surgery he lost his ability for longterm memory, albeit being capable of short term memory
HM contributions
Changed what we understand about how memory functions and how it is organised in the brain
fMRI
Image with colour variations reflecting level of activity in particular parts of the brain via oxygen.
-Higher levels of oxygen in a certain area indicate higher levels of activity.
EEG
graph recording electrical activity as waves
reveals changes in brain activity during sleep, daydreaming, hypnosis and other altered states of conciousness
CAT Scan
Still image showing horizontal cross-section of brain as if sliced through
can be used to investigate locations and sizes of tumours, and the extent of brain injury caused by blows to the head
