Youth Flashcards
What are the 3 types of Youth Legislation in Canada?
Juvenile Delinquents Act
Young Offender Act
Youth Criminal Justice Act
Juvenile Delinquents Act
-interested in protecting the youth from themselves
-if the youth apologized, they would probably let them off easy
-indeterminate sentencing, with little protocol, even though the courts were in charge
Criticism of JDA
-criticisms came about in the 60s because of the civil rights movement
-too much discretionary which resulted in unfair sentences
-no rights to a lawyer, just seen as delinquents
Young Offender Act
-they had the right to counsel
-more determined sentences
-they made them do community work, diversion programs
-called young offenders, not delinquents
Criticisms of YOA
-no clear principles
-they prioritized rehabilitation instead of the protection of the public
-custody rates were high
For the YOA, what percentage of custodial sentences were for non-violent offenders?
80%
Youth Criminal Justice Act
-2 key goals, diversion, restrictive use of custody
-adult sentences were done in youth court
-they took age, gender, and religion into consideration
What are some extrajudicial methods the police use for youth?
-just a verbal convo
-police warning
-police caution
-police referrals to agencies
Will the youth crime severity be increasing or decreasing
continuously decreasing
What’s the most common sentence in the 5-year trend?
Probation
What percentage of youth received custody between 2019-2020?
10%
ISVYOS study in BC
-about serious and violent crime
-looked across 20 years of youth who were put into custody
-about 1700 were put in this from 1998-2011
Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL;YV)
-3 point scale
-score ranges from 0-40
What are the additional items of PCL:YV?
Behavioural; need for stimulation, parasitic orientation
Antisocial; poor anger controls, criminal acts
Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument-
Version 2
-used in detention centres for juvenile
-52 item, self-report tool (yes/no)
