You are what you eat Flashcards
This affects one in two people?
overweight and obesity
It kills one in three males and one in four females?
coronary heart disease
4% 0f population have it and it is believed that another 10 000 have it but not diagnosed?
diabetes
2 billion people worldwide suffer from it?
anaemia
72 000 people in Northern Ireland have it?
osteoporosis
6.4% of adults in the UK display sighns of this, with over a quarter being male?
eating disorder
What is BMI stand for?
BODY MASS INDEX
What does BMI show?
if your weight is appropriate for your height;
can work out if someone is overweight or obese
Calculation for BMI
Weight (kg) divided by height (m)
A waist size can put put in dividuals at a higher risk of which 2 conditions?
- heart disease
- type 2 diabetes
Ehat effects can obesity have on health?
certain cancers - breast, colon, ovarian
- in fertility
- sleep apnoea
- joint problems
- liver disease
- mental health issues
- high blood pressure
- coronary heart disease
- type 2 diabetes
What is the most common type of heart disease?
coronary heart disease
What is CHD?
coronary arteries become narrowed by build up of fatty material
What is ATHEROSCLEROSIS?
narrowing of coronary arteries due to build up of fatty material, called atheroma.
What is the pain called, caused by narrowing of atherosclerosis?
ANGINA
What is a heart attack?
a piece of atheroma breaks off and may causea blockage/blood clot. This may block your coronary artery and cut off oxygen supply, permanently damaging the heart.
Causes of CHD?
- stress
- smoking
- family history
- being overweight
- being male
- high blood pressure
- increasing in age
- too much alcohol
- unhealthy diet
- lack of exercise
What is diabetes?
a lifelong condition that causes a person’s blood sugar to become too high
What does the pancreas release?
releases insulin in response to glucose in the bloodstream, to help our body release energy from the food we eat
How does insulin help our bodies use glucose for energy?
insulin acts like a KEY to UNLOCK the door to cells allowing glucpse to enter the cells
Where is extra glucose stored?
liver
What happens in type 1 diabetes?
insulin is not being produced
What happens in tyoe 2 diabetes?
not enough insulin being produced or isn’t working properly
What is the treament for type 2 diabetes?
changes in diet
What is anaemia?
iron deficiency
Name 3 symptoms of anaemia
fatigue
weakness
pale & yellow skin
irregular heartbeat
shortness of breath
What are reasons for anaemia?
pregnancy
lack of iron in diet
growth spurts
medical conditions affecting absorption of iron
menstruation
Where is haem iron in diet sourced?
meat
Where is no-haem iron in diet sourced?
green leafy veg
What aids absorption of iron from nin-haem sources?
Vit c
What drinks can cause iron to be excreted before it is absorbed?
Large quantities of tea/coffee
What does the word osteoporosis mean?
porous bones
Causes of osteoporosis
poor calcium/protein intake intake
age
lack of weight bearing exercise
poor vit D intake/exposure to sun
too much alcohol
smoking
menpause
gender - women
genetics
What nutrients are found in fruit and vegetables?
Vit A C E
dietary fibre
iron
Which nutrients are found in starchy carbohydrates?
dietary fibre
B vitamins
Which nutrients are found in oils and spreads?
fat
vit A D E
Which nutrients are found in dairy and alternatives?
Calcium
protein
fat
Which nutrients are found in beans, pulses, fish, eggs, meat?
protein
iron
fat
B vitamins
